4～8岁儿童特质推理中的性别刻板效应  

Gender Stereotype Effects on Trait Inferences of Children Aged 4 to 8

作　　者：闫秀梅[1] 王美芳 杨玉玲 YAN Xiu-mei;WANG Mei-fang;YANG Yu-ling(School of Education and Psychology,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,China;College of Elementary Education,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;Matemal and Child Health Care Hospital of Zhangqiu District,Jinan 250200,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学教育与心理科学学院,济南250022 [2]首都师范大学初等教育学院,北京100048 [3]济南市章丘区妇幼保健院,济南250200

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2019年第3期463-466,480,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“3~8岁儿童特质推理中的性别刻板效应:性别图式的调节作用”(项目批准号:13YJC190026)的资助

摘　　要：目的:考察性别刻板印象对4 8岁儿童特质推理的影响。方法:选取212名4~8岁儿童为被试,向其呈现性别刻板一致和性别刻板不一致特质故事,要求他们根据故事推断行为者的特质。通过比较儿童对两种故事的特质推理状况,分析性别刻板印象对特质推理的影响。结果:4 7岁儿童的特质推理受性别刻板印象的影响,当故事中行为者的表现与儿童的性别刻板印象一致时,他们更倾向于根据行为者的行为推断特质。与4岁和5岁儿童相比,6岁和7岁儿童的特质推理在更大程度上受到了性别刻板印象的影响。8岁儿童的特质推理不受性别刻板印象的影响。结论:性别刻板印象对4~8岁儿童特质推理的影响存在年龄差异。Objective: The present study was performed to explore the developmental trend of gender stereotype effects on trait inferences of children aged 4 to 8. Methods: Two hundred and twelve 4-8-year-olds were presented with either gender stereotype-consistent or gender stereotype-inconsistent behavioral descriptions. And then they were asked to make trait inferences from these behavioral descriptions. Results: Analyses revealed that when traits implied by the behavioral descriptions were consistent with children’s gender stereotypes, 4-7-year-olds were more inclined to make trait inferences from them. And compared to 4-5-year-olds, 6-7-year-olds showed stronger trait inferences for gender stereotype-consistent behavioral descriptions. However, the trait inferences of 8-year-olds did not show any difference between gender stereotype-consistent and gender stereotype-inconsistent behavioral descriptions. Conclusion: Taken together, the current results suggest that the influence of gender stereotypes on the inferences of traits were different for 4-8-year-olds.

关 键 词：儿童 特质推理 性别刻板印象 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]