重金属铜和两种苯酚类化合物对大型蚤的联合毒性  

Study of joint toxicity of copper and two substituted phenols to Daphnia magna

作　　者：汪阅 张胜男 赵元慧[1] 苏丽敏[1] WANG Yue;ZHANG Sheng-nan;ZHAO Yuan-hui;SU Li-min(School of Environment, Northeast Normal University ,Changchun 130117 ,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学环境学院

出　　处：《东北师大学报（自然科学版）》2019年第2期140-143,共4页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21777022);东北师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2412018ZD014)

摘　　要：以大型蚤(Daphnia magna)为试验生物,测定了铜、间氯苯酚和间硝基苯酚对大型蚤的单一毒性.有机物的毒性大小为:间氯苯酚(-lgVLC50=4.43)>间硝基苯酚(-lgVLC50=3.60).在测定重金属单一毒性(-lgVLC50=5.73)的基础上,分别测定了二元有机-无机复合体系(重金属铜以其单一毒性0.2倍、0.5倍和0.8倍的半数致死浓度分别与间氯苯酚和间硝基苯酚混合)对大型蚤的联合毒性,并采用毒性单位法(TU)和相加指数法(AI)对联合毒性进行了评价.结果表明:两种评价方法的评价结果一致,两种苯酚类化合物与铜组成的二元混合体系的联合毒性为相加作用和拮抗作用;当铜浓度一定时,铜-间氯苯酚混合物对大型蚤的拮抗作用强于铜-间硝基苯酚混合物的拮抗作用;当铜与两种苯酚类化合物以1∶1的毒性单位混合时拮抗作用最强(毒性单位法的M值分别为3.01和1.88),原因可能是此种混合体系中有机物和无机物产生了较多的络合物,减毒作用明显.The single toxicity of copper,m-chlorophenol and m-nitrophenol to Daphnia magna were determined,respectively.The order of the toxicity of organic chemicals is:m-chlorophenol(-lgV(LC50)=4.43)m-nitrophenol(-lgV(LC50)=3.60).On the basis of single toxicity of copper(-lgV(LC50)=5.73),the joint toxicity of binary mixtures of organic pollutants and copper were measured.Copper was set at the concentrations of 0.2 V(LC50),0.5 V(LC50) and 0.8 V(LC50),respectively.The joint toxicity was evaluated by Toxic Unit(TU)and Additive Index(AI)methods.The result indicated that the joint toxicity was addition and antagonism;when the copper concentration was equal,the antagonism of the binary mixture of copper and m-chlorophenol was stronger than that of copper and m-nitrophenol.To all binary mixtures,the strongest antagonism was found when the copper was set at 0.5 V(LC50) concentration(the value of Mis 3.01 and 1.88,respectively),the reason is due to the complexation of inorganic and organic chemicals.

关 键 词：大型蚤 联合毒性 拮抗作用 相加作用 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学]