3种不同提取方式对红树莓籽油成分的影响  

Effects of Three Different Extraction Methods on the Composition of Red Raspberry Seed Oil

作　　者：姚静阳 杨静 崔京燕 王宇 陈金祥 刘永平 YAO Jingyang;YANG Jing;CUI Jingyan;WANG Yu;CHEN Jinxiang;LIU Yongping(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of China,Taiyuan Shanxi 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学化学工程与技术学院

出　　处：《种子》2019年第6期19-24,共6页Seed

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金(31200462);北京农学院农业部都市农业(北方)重点实验室开放课题(KFK2015001);中北大学研究生科技立项项目(20181524)

摘　　要：通过超声辅助乙醇提取法、超声辅助石油醚提取法和索氏石油醚提取法3种方法提取红树莓籽油,比较提取率、鉴定脂肪酸成分、测定抗氧化活性和总皂甙含量。结果表明:UAE-Et红树莓籽油的提取率最高,为18.55%,UAE-PE和SE-PE的提取率分别为10.18%和13.58%。GC-MS结果表明,3种提取方法共在红树莓籽油中鉴定出32种物质,其中不饱和脂肪酸(亚油酸和亚麻酸等)含量分别为82.71%(UAE-Et)、85.76%(UAE-PE)和88.83%(SE-PE),均超过80%;ω-6/ω-3脂肪酸比例为2.22∶1~2.32∶1。抗氧化活性研究表明,UAE-Et红树莓籽油抗氧化活性最强,其IC 50(半抑制浓度)为4.36 mg·mL^-1。总皂甙含量测定结果表明,UAE-Et红树莓籽油中总皂甙含量最高,为351.88 mg·g^-1,这与GC-MS吻合。In this paper,red raspberry seed oil was obtained by ultrasonic-assisted extraction with ethanol(UAE-Et),ultrasonic-assisted extraction with petrol ether(UAE-PE)and soxhlet extraction with petrol ether(SE-PE).The extraction rate,fatty acid composition,antioxidant activity and total saponins content of these seed oil were compared by using these three methods.The results showed that the extraction rate of UAE-Et seed oil was the highest,it was 18.55%,and the extraction rate of UAE-PE and SE-PE seed oil were 10.18%and 13.58%,respectively.The results of GC-MS showed that 32 kinds of substances were identified in red raspberry seed oil by using three extraction methods,which the content of unsaturated fatty acids,mainly linoleic acid and linolenic acid,were 82.71%(UAE-Et),85.76%(UAE-PE)and 88.83%(SE-PE),all of which were more than 80%.Theω-6/ω-3 ratios of fatty acids in the three seed oils was in 2.22∶1-2.36∶1.The study of antioxidant activity showed that UAE-Et red raspberry seed oil had the greatest antioxidant activity with IC 50(semi-inhibitory concentration)of 4.36 mg·mL^-1.Moreover,the total saponins content of UAE-Et red raspberry seed oil was the highest,it was 351.88 mg·g^-1,which was consistent with the results of GC-MS.

关 键 词：红树莓籽油 脂肪酸分析 抗氧化 皂甙 

分 类 号：S663.2[农业科学—果树学]