古代埃及新王国时期王表的历史解析  

The Historical Analysis on the King Lists of Ancient Egypt during the New Kingdom Period

作　　者：史海波 Shi Haibo

机构地区：[1]吉林大学文学院世界史系

出　　处：《世界历史》2019年第3期83-96,I0005,共15页World History

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金一般项目“世界古代的政治体制与史学起源研究”(批准文号:15YJA770018);吉林大学基本科研业务费哲学社会科学研究种子基金项目“世界古代的帝国与文明认同研究”(批准文号:2018ZZ002);国家社会科学基金重大项目“古代埃及新王国时期行政文献整理研究”(批准文号:18ZDA206)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：古代埃及的王表是王权作为社会与文化记忆核心内容的历史呈现。古代埃及的王表萌芽于早王朝时期,在古王国第五王朝时期粗具形态,至新王国时期已臻于成熟。新王国时期,军事帝国背景下的统治阶级的历史意识勃兴,王表在数量、规模、工艺等方面远胜从前,并通过传统的神话、仪式建构与祖先的“历史”联系,从而证明王权的合法承继与延续。除宗教与政治目的之外,王表也体现出客观记录的意图。都灵王表在文献载体、原始底本、抄写方式、结构安排、历史信息等方面与祭祀用途的王表明显有别,但是,都灵王表依然是宗教与王权观念的产物。作为展现王权历史信息的古代埃及王表,亦应以历史的方法解析其内涵和意义。The king list is a historical representation of the ancient Egyptian kingship as the core of the social and cultural memory.King lists of ancient Egypt sprouted during the Early Dynastic period and became the rudimentary form at the Old Kingdom.In the context of the military empire,the historical consciousness of the ruling class flourished during the New Kingdom period which witnessed the mature form of king lists.During this period,king lists were far superior than before in number,scale and content.They constructed the historical connection with the ancestors through the traditional theology and rituals,and illustrated the legal inheritance of kingship.In addition to religious and political purposes,king lists also reflected the intention of the objective historiography.The Turin king list was obviously different from those king lists for ritual purpose in terms of document carrier,original text,transcription mode,structural arrangement and historical information,but it was still the product of the idea of religion and kingship.As the ancient Egyptian king lists revealed the historical information of royal power,their connotation and significance should be analyzed by the historical method.

关 键 词：古埃及 王表 王权 新王国 历史意识 

分 类 号：K411.21[历史地理—历史学]