彗星着陆器“菲莱”的下降弹跳轨迹  

The descent and rebound trajectory of comet lander Philae

作　　者：温童歌 曾祥远[1] 王蜀泉[2] WEN TongGe;ZENG XiangYuan;WANG ShuQuan(School of Automation,Beijing Insititue of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory of Space Utilization,Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学自动化学院,北京100081 [2]中国科学院太空应用重点实验室,中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心,北京100094

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2019年第8期18-24,共7页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(编号:11602019);中国科学院太空应用重点实验室开放基金(编号:LSU-KFJJ-2018-01);中国科协青年人才托举工程(编号:2016QNRC001)资助项目

摘　　要：彗星探测对了解地球生命起源和早期太阳系演化等具有重要意义.着陆器“菲莱”(Philae)是彗星探测任务“罗塞塔”(Rosetta)的重要组成部分,作为人类历史上第一个登陆彗星的着陆器,具有里程碑式的意义.本文将“菲莱”看作质点,建立了“菲莱”在67P附近自由轨道运动和表面弹跳运动的动力学模型,重建了“菲莱”在67P附近和表面运动的轨迹.由于第一次触地的情况较为复杂,对轨道运动和弹跳运动这两个阶段分段仿真,复现了“菲莱”自“罗塞塔”探测器分离至停止运动的轨迹,并与欧空局SONC复现的“菲莱”运动轨迹进行对比分析.最后,对“菲莱”在67P表面的弹跳轨迹进行参数化仿真,改变第一次触地点TD1的切向和法向恢复系数,分析恢复系数对“菲莱”表面弹跳运动的影响.Comet exploration is one of the focuses of the deep space exploration. It is of great significance for understanding the origin of the Earth's life and the evolution of the early solar system. The lander Philae is an important part of the Rosetta mission. As the first lander landing on the comet 67P, Philae stands out as one of the notable landmarks in the progress of space exploration. Firstly, this paper derives the mathematical model of Philae for its orbital motion and surface motion. Due to the complexity of the first touchdown, the simulation is divided into two stages, i.e., the orbital motion stage and the surface motion stage. In this study, Philae's descent and rebound trajectory are reconstructed by comparing with those reconstructed by ESA. Finally, a parametric study of the rebound trajectory is made by varying tangential and normal restitution coefficients of the first touch point TD1. The influence of the restitution coefficient on the surface rebound trajectory of Philae is analyzed.

关 键 词：菲莱 彗星探测 着陆轨迹 表面弹跳 

分 类 号：V476.4[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]