篮球运动员扣球动作中相关肌肉放电的测量与关节的运动学分析  

Measurement of Muscle Discharge and Kinematic Analysis of Joints in Basketball Players’ Spike

作　　者：陈祥子 CHEN Xiangzi(Basic Teaching Department,Xuancheng Vocational and Technical College,Xuancheng 242000,China)

机构地区：[1]宣城职业技术学院基础教育部

出　　处：《宿州学院学报》2019年第6期52-56,共5页Journal of Suzhou University

基　　金：宣城职业技术学院科研项目“JY201805”

摘　　要：以12名篮球专业运动员为研究对象,运用无线遥感表面肌电测试仪测量其扣球动作中相关肌肉的生物电变化,运用高速摄像机捕捉其扣球动作中各关节运动状态并进行运动学分析。结果表明:扣球过程中最先开始发力的是下肢腓肠肌和股直肌,以自下而上的方式传递力量,最后发力的部位实际为上肢肱三头肌。左右腿腓肠肌持续发力时间最长,是扣球中用力最大的部位。从扣球过程看,平均角速度最大的是肘关节,关节角度伸展时间最短,伸展幅度最大。角速度变化幅度最小的是髋关节,在扣球过程中确保髋关节相对稳定,对动作过程前后衔接和动作稳定性有利。最后,提出了提高篮球运动员扣球命中率的建议。With 12 basketball players as research objects,through observing the bio-electric changes of the related muscles in spiking measured by wireless remote sensing surface muscle bio-electricity tester,the motion state of each joint in spiking was captured by high-speed camera and kinematic analysis was carried out.It turns out that the gastrocnemius muscles and rectus femoris are the first to exert force in the spiking process,and the force is transmitted from the bottom to the top.The final part to exert force is actually the triceps brachii muscle of the upper limb.The gastrocnemius muscle of both legs has the longest sustained force,which is the strongest part in spiking.In terms of spiking process,the elbow joint has the largest average angular velocity.It has the shortest extending time,while it has the largest extending range.The hip joint is the one with the smallest change in angular velocity.It ensures the relative stability of the hip joint during spiking,which is beneficial to the cohesion and stability of the movement before and after the spike.In the end,some suggestions are made to improve spike hit rate of basketball players.

关 键 词：篮球运动员 扣球动作 肌电 关节形态 角速度 

分 类 号：G841[文化科学—体育训练]