语言的“交互主观性”——内涵、类型与假说  

Intersubjectivity in Linguistics: Connotations, Subtypes, and Hypotheses

作　　者：丁健 DING Jian(School of Liberal Arts,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学文学院

出　　处：《当代语言学》2019年第3期333-349,共17页Contemporary Linguistics

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目成果(批准号:18XNF022)

摘　　要：本文综述了近年来国际上关于“交互主观性”的研究状况,包括交互主观性的概念内涵、下位类型和主要理论假说等三个方面。一般来说,交互主观性是指语言的一种特性——说话人会站在听话人的角度来组织和表达话语。说话人所关注的不仅有听话人对话语内容的态度,还有听话人对话语内容的理解。当前学界对交互主观性的概念内涵有三种不同的认识,分别以Traugott、 Verhagen和Nuyts为代表。从交际功能来看,可以将交互主观性分为态度型、回应型和篇章型等三个次类。“单向性”和“左/右缘”是交互主观性理论中的两个重要假说,但它们本身也颇具争议,有不少反例。此外,本文还指出了当前汉语交互主观性研究中存在的三个问题。This paper reviews recent research on intersubjectivity in linguistics, focusing on the connotations and subtypes of intersubjectivity and two related hypotheses. Intersubjectivity generally refers to hearer-oriented linguistic organizations and expressions. The speaker is not only concerned with the hearer s attitudes towards the discourse but also his/her understanding of the discourse. Three different connotations of intersubjectivity can be recognized in the works of Traugott, Verhagen, and Nuyts. In terms of communicative functions, a distinction can be made among three subtypes of intersubjectivity, i.e., attitudinal, responsive, and textual.“Unidirectionality” and “left/right periphery” are the two main hypotheses regarding intersubjectivity, but both are controversial as many counter-examples could be found. In addition, this paper identifies three types of misinterpretation in previous research on intersubjectivity in Chinese languages.

关 键 词：交互主观性 听话人导向 单向性 左/右缘 

分 类 号：H04[语言文字—语言学]