一种全景相机系统的标定方法研究  

A Calibration Method for a Panoramic Camera System

作　　者：崔红霞 李婷婷 王宁 陈丽君 CUI Hong-xia;LI Ting-ting;WANG Ning;CHEN Li-jun(School of Information Science and Technology,Bohai University,Jinzhou121000,China)

机构地区：[1]渤海大学信息科学与技术学院

出　　处：《计算机技术与发展》2019年第7期194-199,共6页Computer Technology and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41371425);辽宁省自然科学基金(20170540015);渤海大学实用型(攻关性)项目(071704103)

摘　　要：由多个摄像机组合构成的环视全景相机多应用于环境或者目标物体的全景拼接及全景高精度三维重建,相机系统的高精度标定是其应用的关键。为满足三维重建对环视全景相机的高精度标定要求,针对传统标定方法中没有充分利用两相机之间存在的固定的相对关系,影响到标定结果的精度和可靠性等问题,研究了一种稳健的相机高精度标定方法,也就是通过引入相机间固定的相对定向几何约束条件,建立附有约束条件的自检校光束法平差环视相机标定模型,解算相机的内外方位元素和内部相机间的几何关系。与传统检校方法的对比实验表明,约束条件的引入能够有效提升环视相机的标定稳定性,为全景相机系统的进一步应用提供稳健的高精度检校参数。该方法可推广到其他类似的全景相机系统的标定中。The omnidirectional panoramic camera composed of multiple cameras is mostly used for panoramic mosaic of environment or target objects and panoramic high-precision three-dimensional reconstruction.The high precision calibration of the panoramic camera is the key to its application.In order to meet the requirement of high-precision calibration of omnidirectional panoramic camera for three-dimensional reconstruction,the traditional calibration methods do not make full use of the fixed relative relationship between the two cameras,which affects the accuracy and reliability of the calibration results.To solve these problems,we study a robust camera calibration method with high accuracy.By introducing the fixed relative orientation geometric constraints between cameras,a self-calibration beam adjustment panoramic camera calibration model with constraints is established.The geometric relationship between the inside and outside orientation elements of the camera and the inside camera is solved.Compared with the traditional calibration method,the experiment shows that the introduction of constraints can effectively improve the calibration stability of the ring-view camera,and provide robust calibration parameters for the further application of panoramic camera system.This method can be extended to the calibration of other similar panoramic camera systems.

关 键 词：机器视觉 全景相机 相对定向 光束法平差 三维重建 

分 类 号：TP391.4[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]