学龄前儿童眼屈光状态筛查和屈光异常及其影响因素分析可行性报告  

Feasibility report on refractive status screening and refractive error and its influencing factors in preschool children

作　　者：汪腊一 易全勇 谢玮玮 吴国海 王育文 WANG Layi;YI Quanyong;XIE Weiwei;WU Guohai;WANG Yuwen(Department of Ophthalmology, Ningbo Eye Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市眼科医院眼科

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2019年第16期70-73,共4页China Modern Doctor

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划技术推广项目(2017ZH016)

摘　　要：目的探讨学龄前儿童眼屈光状态筛查和屈光异常及其影响因素分析可行性报告。方法2015年1月~2017年1月期间随机选取宁波市学龄前儿童1200例作研究对象,应用Suresight手持式自动验光仪进行双眼屈光状态筛查,统计儿童屈光异常率,并对学龄前儿童家长展开问卷调查,分析学龄前儿童发生屈光异常的影响因素。结果本组学龄前儿童屈光异常筛出率为10.17%(122/1200),其中男63例(8.92%),女59例(11.94%)。男、女屈光异常筛出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3岁儿童眼屈光异常率为14.57%(37/254),4岁为10.97%(34/310),5岁为8.84%(29/328),6岁为7.14%(22/308)。随着年龄增长,屈光异常筛出率逐步降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。家长文化程度、家长是否了解眼保健知识、眼疾家族史、视物异常史、每日看电视和电脑时间是儿童眼屈光异常的影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而出生是否足月与儿童眼屈光异常,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析,家长是否了解眼保健知识、视物异常史、眼疾家族史是学龄前儿童发生屈光异常的独立危险因素。结论学龄前儿童的眼屈光异常率较高,家长是否了解眼保健知识、视物异常史、眼疾家族史是屈光异常的独立危险因素,需加强相关因素的干预和重视。Objective To investigate the feasibility report of refractive status screening and refractive error and its influencing factors in preschool children. Methods From January 2015 to January 2017, 1200 preschool children from Ningbo were randomly selected for study. Suresight handheld automatic refractometer was used to screen the refractive status of both eyes, and the refractive error rate of children was counted. Questionnaires for parents of preschool children were conducted to analyze the influencing factors of refractive error in preschool children. Results The screening rate of refractive error in preschool children was 10.17%(122/1200), including 63 males(8.92%) and 59 females(11.94%). There was no significant difference in the refractive error screening rate between males and females(P>0.05). The children's refractive error rate was 14.57%(37/254) at 3 years old, 10.97%(34/310) at 4 years old, 8.84%(29/328) at 5 years old, and 7.14%(22/308) at 6 years old. With age growing, the refractive index screening rate was gradually reduced, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Parental education level, parents' knowledge of eye health, family history of eye diseases, abnormal history of vision, daily watching TV and computer time were the influencing factors of children's ocular refractive error, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05), and born There was no statistically significant difference in children's eye refractive error between full-term birth and not full-term birth(P>0.05). After multivariate logistic regression analysis, whether parents understand eye health knowledge, abnormal vision history, and family history of eye diseases were independent risk factors for refractive error in preschool children. Conclusion Preschool children have a high rate of ocular refractive error. Whether parents understand eye health knowledge, abnormal vision history, and family history of eye diseases are independent risk factors for refractive error. It is necessary to strengthen the in

关 键 词：屈光异常 学龄前儿童 影响因素 

分 类 号：R777.44[医药卫生—眼科]