4个不同花色滇黄精品系花粉形态特征的电镜扫描分析  

Electron Microscopic Scanning Analysis of Morphological Characteristics of Pollens from Four Genotypes with Different Flower Color of Polygonatum kingianum Coll. et Hemsl

作　　者：董蓉娇 黄莉[2] 张雅琼 尹元萍[4] 刘萍 王明君 王礼中 梁泉[1] DONG Rong-jiao;HUANG Li;ZHANG Ya-qiong;YIN Yuan-ping;LIU Ping;WANG Ming-jun;WANG Li-zhong;LIANG Quan(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Yunnan Kunming 650201,China;Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yunnan Kunming 650204,China;Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Yunnan Kunming 650500,China;College of Natural Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Yunnan Kunming 650201,China;Pu 'er Nanyao Manor Technology Co. LTD.,Yunnan Jiangcheng 665900,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]中国科学院昆明植物所,云南昆明650204 [3]云南中医药大学,云南昆明650500 [4]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201 [5]普洱南药庄园科技有限公司,云南江城665900

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2019年第6期1236-1240,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省科技计划项目“厚朴吴茱萸林下套种滇黄精关键技术集成与示范”(2016RA059)

摘　　要：[目的]为滇黄精花粉形态学研究及进一步的分类和评价提供参考.[方法]选择4个不同花色的滇黄精品系,在植株形态比较的基础上,利用扫描电镜对花粉形状、外壁纹饰、极轴长(P)、赤道轴长等方面进行观察描述和比较.[结果]P1、P2和P3这3个品系之间除了花色的差异,在多数植物学特征性状上没有显著差异,而P4具有植株较矮、叶片窄小、花被短小以及根茎呈圆柱状、其横切面黄色等特点;滇黄精花粉粒大,长球形,极面观为椭圆形或纺锤形,具远极单沟,沟缘整齐,沟膜较清晰,无萌发孔,外壁很薄,两层,外壁表面具细网状雕纹;4个品系的花粉大小及形态结构上差异不大,花粉长68~ 70 μm,极轴59~ 72 μm,赤道轴23~31 μm,极轴(P,μm)×赤道轴(E,μm)分别为65 μm × 25 μm、70μm×28 μm、64μm×26μm、66 μm×26μm,P/E为2.5~2.6.[结论]尽管4个滇黄精品系花色迥异,但在花粉大小及形态结构上差异不大,难以进行定性和定量的比较.【Objective】The purpose of this study is to provide a reference for further classification and evaluation of pollen morphology of Polygonatum kingianum Coll. et Hemsl.【Method】On the basis of plant morphology comparison of 4 genotypes with different flower color of P. kingianum Coll. et Hemsl,using electron microscopic scanning observed and compared the morphology,exine omamentation,length of the polar axis (P) and the equatorial axis of the pollen.【Result】There was no significant difference in most botanical characters among P1,P2 and P3 except for the flower color. P4 had the characteristics of short plants,narrow leaves,short perianth,terete rhizome and yellow cross section. The pollen of P. kingianum was characterized by various shapes in the pollen grains,a character of complex column structure in the exine omamentation,oval or spindle-shaped in the polar plane view,far pole single sulcus and groove edge tidy,clear the sulcus membrane and without bud aperture,thin outer wall with two-layer and its surface with fine network carving. The pollens size and morphological structure were not significantly different among P1,P2,P3 and P4,and pollen long was 68-70 μm,and polar axis long was 59-72 μm,and equatorial axis was 23-31 μm,and polar axis (P,μm)× equatorial axis (E,μm) were 65 μm×25 μm,70 μm×28 μm,64 μm×26 μm,66 μm×26 μm,respectively. P/E value was 2.5-2.6.【Conclusion】Although there were different colors in plant morphology among the 4 genotypes P1,P2,P3 and P4 of P. kingianum ,there were no significant differences in pollen size and morphological structure,and it was difficult to compare them both qualitatively and quantitatively.

关 键 词：滇黄精 植株形态 花粉 显微形态 电镜扫描 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]