不同收获指数甘蓝型油菜β-淀粉酶活性及其基因家族成员的表达分析  

Activity and gene family expression of β-amylase in Brassica napus differing in harvest index

作　　者：靳舒荣 王艳玫 常悦 王月华 李加纳[1,2] 倪郁[1,2] JIN Shu-Rong;WANG Yan-Mei;CHANG Yue;WANG Yue-Hua;LI Jia-Na;NI Yu(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学农学与生物科技学院,重庆400715 [2]西南大学农业科学研究院,重庆400715

出　　处：《作物学报》2019年第8期1279-1285,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31771694);重庆市基础研究与前沿探索项目(cstc2018jcyjAX0263,cstc2016jcyjA0170);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(XDJK2017B028);国家现代产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-12)资助~~

摘　　要：油菜“源”器官中光合产物向籽粒转移的效率是提高油菜收获指数的关键环节,而“源”器官中淀粉酶活性影响同化物向籽粒的运输强度。β-淀粉酶(β-amylase, BAM)及其基因家族成员与油菜高收获指数形成之间的关系还不清楚。本研究选择高产高收获指数型、高产低收获指数型、低产低收获指数型 3 类油菜品种,在终花期后 5、10、15、20、25d 分别取茎杆、叶片、角果皮与种子,分析β-淀粉酶活性及其基因家族成员的表达水平。结果表明,β-淀粉酶活性在所检测“源”器官中酶活性总体随发育时期增加。高收获指数型油菜叶片、角果皮中的β-淀粉酶活性显著高于低收获指数型油菜。β-淀粉酶基因家族中, BAM1、BAM4 与 BAM5 在油菜茎、叶及角果皮中的表达量总体随发育时期增加。花后25 d 时, BAM1与BAM3在高收获指数油菜叶片、角果皮中的表达量显著高于低收获指数油菜。BAM4 与 BAM5 在高收获指数油菜角果皮中的表达量分别于花后 15 d 与 20 d 开始显著高于低收获指数油菜。综合分析认为, BAM1 和 BAM3可能通过促进叶片与角果皮淀粉分解而加强光合产物向籽粒的运输强度;BAM4 与 BAM5 可能主要通过作用于角果皮淀粉分解而调控光合产物向籽粒的运输。BAM4 与 BAM5 也可能参与了油菜种子中淀粉的调控。The transferring efficiency of photosynthate from source organs to grains is the key process to increase the harvest index in Brassica napus, and amylase activity in source organs affects the transport intensity of assimilates to grains. The relationship between β-amylase (BAM) and the formation of high harvest index in rapeseed had not been clear. In this study, three different inbred lines, high-yield and high-harvest index rapeseed, high-yield and low-harvest index rapeseed, and low-yield and low-harvest index rapeseed were selected, and stem, leaf, silique pericarp and seed were sampled at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 d after the final flowering to analyze the activity of β-amylase and the expression level of its gene family members. The activity of β-amylase increased with the development of source organs. The activity of β-amylase in leaves and silique pericarps of high-harvest index rapeseed was significantly higher than that of low-harvest index rapeseed. In the β-amylase gene family, the expression of BAM1, BAM4, and BAM5 in the stem, leaf and silique pericarp of rapeseed increased with the development of organs. At 25 d after the final flowering, the expression of BAM1 and BAM3 in leaves and silique pericarps of high-harvest index rapeseed was significantly higher than that of low harvest index rapeseed. The expression of BAM4 and BAM5 in the silique pericarps of rapeseed with high harvest index was significantly higher than that of rapeseed with low harvest index at 15 d and 20 d after the final flowering. Taken together, BAM1 and BAM3 may enhance the transport intensity of photosynthate to grains by promoting starch degradation in leaves and silique pericarps in rapeseed with high harvest index, and BAM4 and BAM5 may regulate the transport of photosynthate to grains mainly by acting on starch degradation in silique pericarps. BAM4 and BAM5 may also be involved in the regulation of starch in rapeseed seeds.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 收获指数 Β-淀粉酶 基因表达 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]