莫斯科商人文化赞助活动内在动因探析——19世纪下半叶至20世纪初  

On Internal Causes of Moscow Merchants’ Cultural Patronage Activities: from the Second Half of the 19th Century to the Beginning of the 20th Century

作　　者：赵小华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)俄语系

出　　处：《俄罗斯研究》2019年第3期157-179,共23页Russian Studies

基　　金：中国石油大学(华东)自主创新科研计划项目《帝俄时期(18-19世纪)东正教会慈善实践研究》(项目编号:17CX04047B)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：纵观俄罗斯文学和艺术发展的历史长河,群星璀璨、熠熠生辉。然而文化的繁荣和兴盛,文化价值的传承,所依靠的不仅仅是杰出的文学家和艺术家,默默支持他们创作的文化赞助人同样功不可没。尤其是在19世纪下半叶至20 世纪初这一历史时期里,莫斯科商人慈善家和文化赞助人在促进俄罗斯文化的发展方面功用显著。莫斯科商人成为这一时期俄罗斯科学文化发展重要推动力的前提,是其所拥有的雄厚经济实力。但与此同时,个人的内在精神动因则更为重要,主要包括三个方面:根深蒂固的东正教信仰;赢得社会尊重,提升社会地位的心理需求;服务社会、造福人民的爱国主义情怀。正是这三方面因素共同激励着富有的莫斯科商人企业家们广泛开展各种慈善和文化赞助活动,促进了俄罗斯文化的传承和发展。Throughout the long history of Russian literature and art, many prominent writers, artists and musicians have appeared. Nevertheless, the prosperity of culture and inheritance of cultural values depend not only on eminent writers and artists, but also on generous patrons who silently support their creation. Especially from the second half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, Moscow merchant-patrons made a great contribution to the development and prosperity of Russian culture and art. Yet at the same time, the inner motivation of individuals played an even more important role, including their innate Orthodox faith, their demands for more social respect, higher social status, and patriotism to serve the people. It is just these three factors that jointly encourage wealthy Moscow merchants and entrepreneurs to conduct various charitable and patronage events, thus contributing to the development and inheritance of Russian culture.

关 键 词：俄罗斯东正教 莫斯科商人 俄罗斯文化赞助人 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理]