遗传性大肠癌患者亲属大肠癌健康信念水平及其影响因素分析  

Health belief of colorectal cancer in relatives of patients with hereditary colorectal cancer and its influencing factors

作　　者：吴晓丹[1] 陈晶晶 顾娇娇[3] 潘志忠[1] 贾书敏 覃惠英[5] Wu Xiaodan;Chen Jingjing;Gu Jiaojiao;Pan Zhizhong;Jia Shumin;Qin Huiying(Department of Colorectum, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060,China;Department of Nephrology the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;Department of Hepatological Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630, China;School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;Department of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学肿瘤防治中心结直肠科,广州510060 [2]中山大学附属第一医院肾内科,广州510080 [3]中山大学附属第三医院肝胆外科,广州510630 [4]中山大学护理学院,广州510080 [5]中山大学肿瘤防治中心护理部,广州510060

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2019年第13期1612-1618,共7页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0908202);广东省科技计划项目(2016A020215091).

摘　　要：目的调查遗传性大肠癌患者血亲亲属关于大肠癌及其筛查的健康信念水平,并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2016年12月-2018年5月在广州市某三级甲等医院结直肠科住院的148名遗传性大肠癌患者血亲亲属作为研究对象。应用自编一般资料调查表和中文版大肠癌健康信念量表对研究对象进行调查,采用SPSS 20.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果遗传性大肠癌患者血亲亲属的大肠癌健康信念总体水平为(3.37 ± 0.35)分,其中,感知到接受大肠癌筛查的益处、健康动力、自我效能的水平较高,感知到罹患大肠癌的严重性、大肠癌筛查的障碍及易感性得分较低。多元线性回归分析结果显示家庭人均月收入、文化程度、是否有商业医疗保险及血亲亲属肿瘤患者人数是健康信念水平的影响因素,共解释总变异的41.9%。结论遗传性大肠癌患者血亲亲属的大肠癌健康信念处于中等水平,医护人员应关注文化水平低、家庭收入低及家族中患癌人数较少的遗传性大肠癌患者血亲亲属,采取措施改善其健康信念水平,促进大肠癌筛查行为以更好地防治大肠癌。Objective To investigate the health belief of colorectal cancer and its screening in relatives of patients with hereditary colorectal cancer, and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods Totally 148 blood relatives of patients with hereditary colorectal cancer hospitalized in the Department of Colorectum of a Class Ⅲ Grade A hospital in Guangzhou from December 2016 to May 2018 were selected using convenient sampling, and investigated with the self-made general information questionnaire and Chinese Colorectal Cancer Health Belief Scale (CCCHBS). SPSS 20.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results The colorectal cancer health belief of blood relatives of patients with hereditary colorectal cancer totaled (3.37 ± 0.35) in which the perception and acceptance levels of screening benefits, health motives and self-efficacy of colorectal cancer were higher, while the perception levels of severity of colorectal cancer, barriers against colorectal screening and susceptibility were lower. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that household income per capita, educational background, with commercial medical insurance or not and the number of blood relatives with cancer were the influencing factors for health belief levels, which accounted for 41.9% of the total variance. Conclusions The health belief in blood relatives of patients with hereditary colorectal cancer remain at a medium level. Medical and nursing workers should pay attention to the blood relatives of patients with hereditary colorectal cancer with lower educational background, lower household income and less blood relatives with cancer, take measures to improve their health belief levels、 and facilitate colorectal cancer screening behaviors so as to prevent and control colorectal cancer in a better manner.

关 键 词：结直肠肿瘤 健康态度 遗传性 血亲亲属 健康信念 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]