Metabolic characteristics and nutrient utilization in high-feedefficiency pigs selected using different feed conversion ratio models  

作　　者：Beibei He Tiantian Li Wei Wang Hang Gao Yu Bai Shuai Zhang Jianjun Zang Defa Li Junjun Wang 

机构地区：[1]Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China [2]State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China

出　　处：《Science China(Life Sciences)》2019年第7期959-970,共12页中国科学（生命科学英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31630074);the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(S170001);the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0500506);the 111 Project(B16044);Jinxinnong Animal Science Developmental Foundation and Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety

摘　　要：An understanding of the nutrient utilization characteristics of pigs with different feed efficiencies(FEs) will help us to develop new strategies to reduce the costs of pig production.In this study,we selected pigs with a range of FEs according to two feed conversion ratio models: the feed intake(FI) model,where pigs had the same average daily gains(ADGs) but different FIs,and the ADG model,where pigs had the same FIs but different ADGs.High-FE pigs had a higher abundance of short chain fatty acid(SCFA)-producing bacteria(Lachnospiraceae,Clostridiaceae1,and Coriobacteriaceae) in their caecum in the FI model,and low-FE pigs had a higher abundance of two families(BacteroidalesS247group and Peptococcaceae) and two genera(Anaerotruncus and CandidatusSoleaferrea) in both models.By contrast,high-FE pigs had more goblet cells and higher m RNA expression of insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) in the FI model,and higher mRNA expression of occludin but lower expressions of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)-α2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha(PGC1α) in the ADG model.These findings suggest that the presence of SCFA-producing bacteria in the caecum and increased muscular growth may contribute to the high FE of low-FI pigs,while improved intestinal functions and decreased mitochondrial activity in the skeletal muscle are related to the high FE of high-ADG pigs.An understanding of the nutrient utilization characteristics of pigs with different feed efficiencies（FEs） will help us to develop new strategies to reduce the costs of pig production. In this study, we selected pigs with a range of FEs according to two feed conversion ratio models: the feed intake（FI） model, where pigs had the same average daily gains（ADGs） but different FIs, and the ADG model, where pigs had the same FIs but different ADGs. High-FE pigs had a higher abundance of short chain fatty acid（SCFA）-producing bacteria（Lachnospiraceae, Clostridiaceae1, and Coriobacteriaceae） in their caecum in the FI model, and low-FE pigs had a higher abundance of two families（BacteroidalesS247group and Peptococcaceae） and two genera（Anaerotruncus and CandidatusSoleaferrea） in both models. By contrast, high-FE pigs had more goblet cells and higher m RNA expression of insulin-like growth factor 1（IGF-1） in the FI model, and higher mRNA expression of occludin but lower expressions of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase（AMPK）-α2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha（PGC1α） in the ADG model. These findings suggest that the presence of SCFA-producing bacteria in the caecum and increased muscular growth may contribute to the high FE of low-FI pigs, while improved intestinal functions and decreased mitochondrial activity in the skeletal muscle are related to the high FE of high-ADG pigs.

关 键 词：feed efficiency CAECUM MICROBIOTA INTESTINAL functions MUSCLE growth and MITOCHONDRIAL activity growing PIGS 

分 类 号：Q[生物学]