基于专利的知识网络结构特征演变分析:以中国汽车产业为例  

A Study on the Evolution of Knowledge Network Structure Features Based on Patent Intelligence:Empirical Analysis of the Automobile Industry

作　　者：徐露允 曾德明[2] 陈静[2] Xu Luyun;Zeng Deming;Chen Jing(Business School, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081;College of Business Administration, Hunan University, Changsha 410082)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学商学院,长沙410081 [2]湖南大学工商管理学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《情报学报》2019年第7期750-759,共10页Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“自主创新背景下我国高技术产业标准化战略与政策研究”(71233002)

摘　　要：技术创新的关键是知识整合和知识组合配置,知识整合和知识组合配置策略的不同带来了异质性的知识网络结构特征,从而反映出企业创新能力、创新决策的差异性。运用中国汽车产业2001—2014年申请的发明专利和实用新型专利筛选出961家企业,并利用企业专利数据中的专利分类号构建知识网络,重点分析了知识网络关系特征和聚集特征演变过程。通过2821个知识网络的结构特征演变分析发现,我国汽车产业知识网络关系特征总体水平较低,但仍呈现出了上升趋势,汽车产业在总体上形成了一定程度的局部知识聚集和全局知识聚集,但局部聚集程度明显高于全局聚集程度;依据是否参与协作研发或技术标准制定将企业进行分类,不同类别下企业知识网络结构呈现出差异性的特征。研究发现有助于揭示我国汽车产业知识融合发展规律,为日后推动技术跨界融合以提升自主创新能力提供了一定的理论指导。The key to technological innovation is to realize knowledge integration and combination configuration. Different strategies of knowledge integration and combination configuration lead to heterogeneous structural features of knowledge networks, which reflects the differences in firms’innovation capabilities and decisions. Using the invention and utility types of patents in China's automobile industry from 2001 to 2014, this paper employed data from 961 firms and constructed their knowledge networks using the International Patent Classification and focused on the evolution analysis of relational and cohesive features. Through analysis of the structural features of 2821 knowledge networks, we found that the general level of relational features in China’s automobile industry is low, but that it still shows an upward trend. The automobile industry has formed a certain level of local and global knowledge cohesion, but the level of local cohesion is obviously higher than that of global cohesion. Furthermore, the sample firms were classified based on whether the firms had participated in R&D collaborations or setting technological standards, and the knowledge network structure features of different types of firms exhibited distinguishing characteristics. The research findings are helpful in revealing the law of knowledge assimilation of China's automobile industry and providing some theoretical guidance for promoting the crossborder integration of technology to enhance the capability for independent innovation in the future.

关 键 词：专利 知识网络 关系特征 聚集特征 汽车产业 

分 类 号：F426.471[经济管理—产业经济]