竹筒锥模受压开纤工艺研究  

Study on compression fiber-splitting technology of conical mold for bamboo culm

作　　者：姚瑶 姚文斌 俞伟鹏 张蔚 林茂阳 张逸挺 YAO Yao;YAO Wenbin;YU Weipeng;ZHANG Wei;LIN Maoyang;ZHANG Yiting(School of Engineering,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;Jiyang College of Zhejiang A&F University,Zhuji 311800,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学工程学院,杭州311300 [2]浙江农林大学暨阳学院,浙江诸暨311800

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2019年第4期41-46,共6页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(LY16C160012);浙江省公益性项目(2017C32067)

摘　　要：以软化后的竹筒作为开纤对象,以竹原纤维得率、细度及纤维长度作为开纤效果的评价指标,研究了开纤速率和模具锥角对该方法开纤效果的影响规律。开纤试验表明:随着开纤速率的减小,竹原纤维得率逐渐提高,且在开纤速率为1 mm/min时趋于稳定,竹原纤维细度逐渐减小,纤维长度呈先增大后减小的变化趋势。当开纤速率为1 mm/min时,竹原纤维得率、细度、长度分别为30.49%,190.9 dtex和83.66 mm,且纤维细度和长度均匀性均较好。当模具锥角小于160°时,竹原纤维得率随着模具锥角增大而提高,在模具锥角为160°时,竹原纤维得率最高为30.63%;当模具锥角超过160°时,开纤得率逐渐下降。随着模具锥角的增大,竹原纤维细度逐渐减小,纤维长度呈先增大后减小的变化趋势。当模具锥角为160°时,竹原纤维细度和长度分别为190.3 dtex和84.68 mm,且纤维细度及长度均匀性均较好。试验确定了竹筒锥模受压开纤方法最佳的工艺参数:开纤速率为1 mm/min,模具锥角为160°。在此工艺条件下,从竹筒试样提取的竹原纤维平均细度为190 dtex,平均长度为84 mm,竹原纤维得率达30.5%,且竹原纤维细度及长度范围分布也较为均匀。竹筒锥模受压开纤工艺的研究为竹材实现整竹开纤的研究奠定了基础,有望进一步提高竹材的利用率,实现竹原纤维的高效率生产,对竹材资源可持续利用和绿色生态纤维、低碳经济的发展都具有重要的现实意义。The softened bamboo culm was used as a fiber-splitting object.Taking the bamboo fiber s yield,fineness and length as the evaluation indexes of the splitting outcomes,the effects of splitting velocities and mold taper angles on the fiber-splitting outcomes of the method were studied.The results showed that as the velocity of fiber-splitting decreased,the yield of bamboo fiber increased gradually,and tended to be stable when the fiber-splitting velocity was 1 mm/min.The fineness of bamboo fiber gradually decreased,and the fiber length showed a trend of increase firstly and then decreased.When the fiber-splitting velocity was 1 mm/min,the bamboo fiber s yield,fineness and length were 30.49%,190.9 dtex and 83.66 mm,respectively,and the fiber fineness and length uniformity were much better than those of other velocities.The results also showed that when the taper angle of the mold was smaller than 160°,the yield of bamboo fiber increased with the increase of taper angle of the mold.When the taper angle of the mold was 160°,the maximum yield of bamboo fiber was up to 30.6%;when the mold taper angle exceeded 160°,the fiber yield began to decrease.With the increase of the taper angle of the mold,the fineness of the bamboo fiber gradually decreased,and the length of the fiber firstly increased and then decreased.When the taper angle of the mold was 160°,the fineness and length of the bamboo fiber were 190.3 dtex and 84.68 mm,respectively.The optimum technological parameters of the bamboo conical mold under compression were that the splitting velocity and mold taper angle were 1 mm/min and 160°,respectively.Under this process condition,the bamboo fiber extracted from the bamboo culm sample had an average fineness of 190 dtex,an average length of 84 mm,and the bamboo fiber yield of 30.5%.The distribution of fineness and length of bamboo fiber were also more uniform.This research provided the foundation for the future research on the realization of whole bamboo fiber-splitting.It is expected to improve the utilization r

关 键 词：竹筒 锥模成形 轴压开纤 开纤速率 竹纤维 

分 类 号：S781.9[农业科学—木材科学与技术]