聚乙烯醇电纺膜/PP纺黏布复合过滤材料的制备  

Preparation of polyvinyl alcohol electrospun membrane/PP spunbonded fabric composite filter materials

作　　者：郝铭 任倩 田文军 李芳颖 刘延波 Hao Ming;Ren Qian;Tian Wenjun;Li Fangyin;Liu Yanbo(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China;School of Textiles,Tianjin Polytechnic University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学纺织科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430200 [2]天津工业大学纺织学院,天津300387

出　　处：《产业用纺织品》2019年第5期22-30,35,共10页Technical Textiles

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51373121)

摘　　要：利用静电纺丝技术制备聚乙烯醇/淀粉(PVA/SS)纳米纤维膜,再将其与PP纺黏布复合。通过SEM和FTIR表征纤维表面形貌和分子结构,探究PVA/SS纳米纤维膜的最优纺丝工艺参数,并测试PVA/SS纳米纤维膜的抗水解性能及PVA/SS/PP复合膜的过滤性能。结果表明,当纺丝液质量分数为11%、PVA/SS质量比为3∶1、纺丝电压为30kV、喂液速率为0.8mL/h、接收距离为19cm时,纤维表面形貌最优,经160℃热处理的PVA/SS纳米纤维膜的抗水解性能优异。采用最优工艺参数纺制的PVA/SS纳米纤维膜的孔径分布在378.00~742.00nm,平均孔径为689.00nm。PVA/SS/PP复合膜对直径大于0.3μm的细微颗粒的过滤效率最高可达到99.363%,过滤阻力为137Pa,低于相关国家标准的规定。A polyvinyl alcohol/soluble starch (PVA/SS) nanofiber membrane was prepared by electrospinning technique and then composited with a PP spunbonded fabric.SEM and FTIR were used to characterize the surface morphology and molecular structure.The optimal spinning process parameters of the PVA/SS nanofiber membrane were explored.The hydrolysis resistance of the PVA/SS nanofiber membrane and the filter performance of the PVA/SS/PP composite membrane were tested.The results showed that when the mass fraction of spinning solution was 11%,the PVA/SS mass ratio was 3∶1,the spinning voltage was 30 kV,the feed rate was 0.8 mL/h and the receiving distance was 19 cm,the surface morphology of fiber was the best.The PVA/SS nanofiber membrane heat treated under 160 ℃ possessed an excellent hydrolysis resistance.The PVA/SS nanofiber membrane spun with the optimum spinning process parameters had a pore size distribution of 378.00~742.00 nm and an average pore diameter of 689.00 nm.The filtration efficiency of the PVA/SS/PP composite membrane to fine particles with diameter of larger than 0.3 μm could reach up to 99.363%,and the filatration resistance was 137 Pa,which was lower than that of the regulation of related national standards.

关 键 词：静电纺丝 聚乙烯醇 淀粉 抗水解性能 过滤性能 

分 类 号：TS107.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]