机械施工动荷载-采空区顶板失稳判据  

Instability criterion of the goaf roof under dynamic loading of construction

作　　者：李玉飞[1] 叶义成[1,2] 胡南燕 罗斌玉 胡盛栋 元宙昊 LI Yufei;YE Yicheng;HU Nanyan;LUO Binyu;HU Shengdong;YUAN Zhouhao(School of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan,Hubei430081,China;Industrial Safety Engineering Technology Research Center of Hubei Province,Wuhan,Hubei430081,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430081 [2]湖北省工业安全工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2019年第3期87-93,共7页The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51574183)

摘　　要：针对机械施工荷载作用下采空区顶板失稳破坏具有突发性及受力过程复杂的特点,将机械施工荷载简化为移动简谐力,采用力学分析建立了机械施工荷载-采空区顶板力学模型。基于动力学理论,形成了机械施工荷载-采空区顶板的双尖点突变模型,由系统失稳的充分条件和必要条件,获得了机械施工荷载-采空区顶板失稳判据。基于能量原理,推导了机械施工荷载-采空区顶板总能量方程,根据系统临界失稳判据,构建了临界机械施工荷载计算模型。对建立的两种失稳判据分别进行实例验证,结果表明采用突变理论计算得到的理论状态与实测状态一致;采用能量原理计算得到的临界机械施工荷载理论值与实测值较吻合,平均误差为11. 01%。研究可为露天开采下机械施工荷载大小控制、采场结构参数设置、采空区失稳控制与治理等提供参考。Instability of the goaf roof is always sudden and complicated causing by the mechanical construction loading. In this paper the mechanical construction loading was simplified as moving simple harmonic force,the mechanical model of the mechanical construction loading-goaf roof was established by mechanical analysis. Then,a double cusp catastrophe model of the goaf roof and mechanical construction loading was constructed based on the dynamics theory, the instability criterion of the goaf roof under mechanical construction model was obtained on account of the sufficient condition and necessary condition for the system instability. The total energy equation of the mechanical construction loading and goaf roof was derived based on the energy principle,the critical mechanical construction loading calculation model was constructed according to the critical instability criterion of the system. Finally, two instability criteria established and verified by project cases,the results show that the theoretical state calculated by the catastrophe theory is consistent with the measured state. In addition,the theoretical value of the critical mechanical construction loading calculated by the energy principle is in good agreement with the measured value and the average error is 11. 15%. This research can provide a reference for the control of mechanical construction loading,the setting of stope structure parameters and the control and treatment of goaf instability under open-pit mining.

关 键 词：机械施工动荷载 采空区顶板 突变理论 能量原理 失稳判据 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]