基于空间启发式的城市地铁线路选址优化方法  

A Spatial Heuristic Optimization Method for Metro Route Planning

作　　者：栾兆亮 涂伟 沈少青[4] 赵天鸿 LUAN Zhao-liang;TU Wei;SHEN Shao-qing;ZHAO Tian-hong(Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and Services,College of Civil Engineering,Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060;Key Laboratory for Geo-environmental Monitoring of Coastal Zone of the National Administration of Surveying,Mapping and GeoInformation,Shenzhen 518060;Smart City Institute,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060;Shenzhen Research Center of Digital City Engineering,Shenzhen 518040,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学土木工程学院空间信息智能感知与服务深圳市重点实验室,广东深圳518060 [2]海岸带地理环境监测国家测绘地理信息局重点实验室,广东深圳518060 [3]深圳大学智慧城市研究院,广东深圳518060 [4]深圳市数字城市工程研究中心,广东深圳518040

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2019年第4期64-69,90,I0001,共8页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“时变交通网络下的大规模物流运输时空过程建模及优化”(41401444);清华大学中国新型城镇化研究院开放基金项目“数据驱动的城市规划评估方法:以深圳为例”(K-17014-1)

摘　　要：地铁线路规划是轨道交通建设的重要步骤。传统的地铁线路规划方法依赖城市地理空间、人口和出行调查数据,数据收集困难,操作复杂。该文分析了地铁线路规划的影响因素,构建了多目标地铁线路规划模型,提出基于空间启发式算法的地铁线路智能规划方法,同时确定地铁走向和站点布局。以深圳市地铁9号线为例,进行地铁线路规划模型建立与求解实验,结果表明,该方法能够高效地进行地铁线路规划。与专家方案相比,该文结果在主要站点布局、线路走向、站点数量以及站间距等方面都具有较好的一致性。The metro is an important component of urban public transport system,which can effectively alleviate traffic congestion and improve urban spatial structure.Metro route planning is a critical step in the construction of rail transit.The traditional metro route planning relies on the reliable travel survey data,which is labor-intensive and high-cost.This paper presents a data-driven spatial optimization approach for metro route planning.First,the influencing factors of metro route planning are analyzed.Then,a multi-objective metro route planning model is built.Finally,a spatial heuristic algorithm is proposed to automatically plan the metro route direction and locate metro stations.By taking Shenzhen Metro Route 9 as an example,a metro route planning model was established and an experiment was conducted to test the performance of the proposed approach.The obtained results show that this method demonstrates a good performance in planning of metro route.Compared with the expert solution,the study shows that the results have a good consistency in the layout of main sites of metro stations,metro route directions,station count,and station spacing.

关 键 词：地铁线路 空间优化 空间大数据 启发式算法 

分 类 号：TU984.191[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]