不同光环境下辣椒光合特性和瞬时水分利用效率  

The photosynthesis characteristics and instantaneous water-use efficiency of Capsicum annuum under different light conditions

作　　者：钟平安[1] 邵东 黄英金[2] 王强 杨小龙[3] 叶子飘[4] ZHONG Ping-an;SHAO Dong;HUANG Ying-jin;WANG Qiang;YANG Xiao-long;YE Zi-piao(School of Biological Science and Engineering,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Department of Agronomy,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;College of Math & Physics,Jinggangshan University,Ji’an 343009,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学生物科学与工程学院,南昌330045 [2]江西农业大学农学院,南昌330045 [3]复旦大学环境与工程系,上海200433 [4]井冈山大学数理学院,江西吉安343009

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2019年第7期2065-2071,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560069和31460340);江西省优势科技创新团队建设计划项目(20142BCB24010);江西省现代农业科研协同创新项目(JXXTCX2015001-005)资助

摘　　要：以遮阴和大棚处理下的辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)为研究对象,用LI-6400光合仪测定了这两种光环境下辣椒的气体交换数据,然后利用光响应模型拟合它们的光合作用和瞬时水分利用效率对光的响应曲线,研究叶片的净光合速率和瞬时水分利用效率在不同光照环境下的变化规律。结果表明:大棚辣椒较遮阴辣椒的最大净光合速率(Pnmax)和蒸腾速率(Tr)均有所下降;而大棚辣椒的最大瞬时水分利用效率(WUEinst-max)大于遮阴辣椒,其对应的饱和光强(Iinst-sat)要小于遮阴辣椒,但不存在显著差异(P>0.05)。此外,研究结果还揭示,两种光环境下辣椒净光合速率达到最大时的饱和光强(Isat)与瞬时水分利用效率达到最大时的饱和光强(Iinst-sat)之间存在显著差异(P<0.05),且前者的饱和光强大于后者的饱和光强,表明这种光照条件下辣椒的光合作用和瞬时水分利用效率对光的响应发生过程并不同步。Gas exchange of Capsicum annuum L. under shading and greenhouse conditions was measured by LI-6400 Portable Photosynthetic System. The light-response curves of photosynthesis and instantaneous water-use efficiency were fitted by light-response models. The change tendency of the net photosynthetic rate and instantaneous water-use efficiency of leaves were measured under different light conditions. The results showed that the maximum net photosynthetic rate( Pnmax) and transpiration rate( Tr) of C. annuum leaves in greenhouse were lower than that under shading,whereas the maximum instantaneous water-use efficiency( WUEinst-max) of C. annuum in greenhouse was higher than that under shading,and the corresponding saturating light intensity( Iinst-sat) was lower than that under shading. There was no significant difference of WUEinst-max and Iinst-sat between the conditions in greenhouse and in shading( P > 0.05). Furthermore,there was significant difference between Isat( corresponding to Pnmax) and Iinst-sat( corresponding to WUEinst-max)( P<0.05),and the values of Isatwere greater than the values of Iinst-sat.Our results indicate that both photosynthesis and instantaneous water-use efficiency of C. annuum leaves are not synchronized for each of two different light conditions.

关 键 词：辣椒 瞬时水分利用效率 蒸腾速率 光合作用 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]