海陆蛙繁殖期鸣声特征和鸣叫节律  

Acoustic characteristics and daily circadian rhythms of Fejervarya cancrivora( Anura:Dicroglossidae)

作　　者：王同亮[1] 贾乐乐 翟晓飞 汪继超[1] WANG Tong-liang;JIA Le-le;ZHAI Xiao-fei;WANG Ji-chao(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands,College of Life Sciences,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158,China)

机构地区：[1]热带岛屿生态学教育部重点实验室海南师范大学生命科学学院

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2019年第7期2120-2125,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练项目(201811658001)资助

摘　　要：声音是动物信息传递的重要媒介之一,分析鸣声特征有利于理解蛙类的信息传递。受环境选择压力的影响,蛙类鸣叫行为节律具有物种差异性。为研究栖息在咸水-半咸水生境中的海陆蛙(Fejervarya cancrivora)的鸣声特征及鸣叫节律,2017年6—10月,采用录音机和指向性话筒在野外录制了24只海陆蛙的鸣声;通过悬挂录音笔和自动温湿度记录仪分析了鸣叫节律及其与环境温度和相对湿度的关系。结果表明:海陆蛙的鸣声由基本音、基本音的组合音和多音节鸣声组成,且具有调频现象;鸣叫行为开始于每天20:00—21:00,翌日5:00—6:00结束,鸣叫高峰期为2:00—4:00;鸣声数量与环境温度及相对湿度均无显著相关性(P>0.05),每天当温度升高时(5:00—6:00),鸣叫行为结束;海陆蛙可能通过改变鸣声类型和调频的策略增加鸣声的复杂性,提高信息传递效率;该物种的鸣叫行为具有一定的日节律性,属于整晚鸣叫型;海陆蛙鸣叫行为开始和结束的时间可能受环境温度的影响,较高的相对湿度有利于声音的传播。Calls are an important medium for acoustic communication among animals. Analysis of acoustic characteristics is beneficial to understand acoustic communication in frogs. Calling patterns in frogs are species-specific and influenced by selection pressures from local environment.From June to October in 2017,the acoustic structure and daily circadian rhythms of calling activity were recorded for 24 individuals of Fejervarya cancrivora that inhabited brackish water and semi-saline water. The results showed that F. cancrivora calls were composed of basic syllables,combination calls with the basic syllables,and multisyllabic calls. Furthermore,the calls were frequency modulated. Male individuals called from 20: 00-21: 00 to 5: 00-6: 00,with a peak at2: 00-4: 00. The numbers of hourly calls of males were not significantly correlated with air temperature or relative humidity( P > 0. 05). However,the calling behavior ended( 5: 00-6: 00)with rising temperature. F. cancrivora communicated more efficiently via frequency modulation and changes in calling types. The calling behavior of F. cancrivora followed daily circadian rhythms,occurring throughout the night. The beginning and ending time of calling activity was influenced by air temperature. The high relative humidity facilitated the transmission of calls.

关 键 词：海陆蛙 鸣声特征 日节律 环境温度 相对湿度 

分 类 号：Q62[生物学—生物物理学]