地方善举的贡赋化——清代嘉定县的善堂经营  

Tributary Mode of Local Benevolence——the Management of Shantang in Jiading in Qing Dynasty

作　　者：张佩国[1] Zhang Peiguo(Institute of Anthropology and Folklore,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444)

机构地区：[1]上海大学人类学与民俗学研究所

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2019年第7期146-154,160,共10页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“明清至民国时期地方善举的历史人类学研究”(17BSH001)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：在清代嘉定县,官府通过绅士充任堂董办理善堂,官产和民产的界限也比较模糊。绅士充任善堂董事确有赔垫情形,这主要是由岁歉及堂产经营流弊所致,故绅董司年、司月轮值,也是减轻赔垫压力的制度安排。绅士"捐资襄助",充任善堂董事,是以免派徭役为条件的。善堂经营中"节省治理"所凸显的协商性权力关系,将官府既要控制又要节省、民间既要自主又要寻求庇护的矛盾性格有机地统一起来,从而呈现了地方善举的"贡赋化"实践逻辑。In Jiading County in Qing Dynasty, the government managed Shantang through gentlemen acting as the directors of Tang, and the boundary between official property and folk property was also blurred. The gentlemen did have indemnity when they acted as directors of Tang. This was mainly due to the poor harvest of agriculture and the malpractice of management. Therefore, the annual and monthly rotation of the gentlemen directors was also a system arrangement to reduce indemnity pressure. The gentleman’s donation and assistance as directors of Tang was conditional on his exemption from servitude. The consulting power relationship highlighted by saving governance in the management of Shantang organically unified the contradictory character of both government control and saving, civil autonomy and asylum seeking, thus presenting the practical logic of tributary modein local benevolence.

关 键 词：善堂公产 堂董轮值 徭役优免 贡赋化 

分 类 号：D691[政治法律—政治学] K252[政治法律—中外政治制度]