希望与焦虑:辅助生殖技术中女性患者的具身体验研究  

Hope and Anxiety:The Study of Female Embodied Experience with ARTs

作　　者：余成普 李宛霖 邓明芬[2] YU Chengpu;LI Wanlin;DENG Mingfen(School of Sociology and Anthropology,Sun Yat-sen University;The First Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University)

机构地区：[1]中山大学社会学与人类学学院 [2]中山大学附属第一医院

出　　处：《社会》2019年第4期84-115,共32页Chinese Journal of Sociology

摘　　要：在主流叙事中,辅助生殖技术常被誉为不孕患者的“福音”。既有文献过于关注辅助生殖技术的外在情境,没有给予技术的受者尤其是女性的体验以应有的位置。基于作者在Z医院辅助生殖中心的田野调查,本文以具身化(embodiment)为方法论策略,试图连接社会文化情境与女性的体验,彰显生物与社会视角的交织。研究认为,辅助生殖技术不只是“希望的技术”那般简单美好,它带给女性的希望与焦虑并存。希望和焦虑作为一种具身体验,通过女性的身体传递出来,显示了社会文化情境和技术不确定性对女性身体的塑造;女性在感知这些体验的同时也积极从地方文化中习得策略,以应对技术的不确定性和道德压力,从而带着希望继续治疗。Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) are hailed as “the gospel” to infertile patients in mainstream narrative. The existing literature mostly adopts the perspective of technology and social interaction, and often views the restrictions and constraints of social and cultural contexts on ARTs from a static and macroscopic perspective, ignoring the recipients of the technologies, especially the experience of women. This paper regards embodiment as the methodological orientation. It opposes both social and cultural determinism and biological determinism. Instead, it emphasizes the biological and experiential nature of the body while linking it to the external context, thus frees itself from the dilemma of bio-cultural dualism. It also avoids the neglect of social situations and the indifference to physical creativity and variability. Based on the investigation in Z hospital’s reproductive center, the paper shows the three moral pressures of infertility, assisted reproduction and national policy faced by infertile patients, and the uncertainty of ARTs puts them in a more intense world of anxiety and hope. That is to say, ARTs in practice are far from simple “hope technology”, instead, they throw women into the paradoxical world where hope and anxiety coexist. As embodied experience, anxiety and hope are transmitted through the body of women, which show the inscription of social-cultural context and technical uncertainty on the female body;meanwhile, women actively learn strategies to cope with the technical uncertainty and moral pressure from local culture (including recuperating the body, folk religion, etc.), so as to hold on infertility treatment with hope.

关 键 词：辅助生殖技术 试管婴儿 具身化 具身体验 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生] C913.13[经济管理]