地下管线探测磁异常信号采集仿真  

Underground Pipeline Detection Magnetic Anomaly Signal Acquisition Simulation

作　　者：郭宇 刘得军[1] 李彩芳 GUO Yu;LIU De-jun;LI Cai-fang(College of Geophysics and Information Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)地球物理与信息工程学院

出　　处：《计算机仿真》2019年第7期90-94,共5页Computer Simulation

摘　　要：铁质管线是地下管线中最普遍的一种,此类管线受地球磁场磁化产生感应磁场,感应磁场与原磁场叠加形成磁异常。磁异常探测是一种有效的铁质管线探测方法,通过分析磁异常信号可以实现对管线的定位,了解形状和走向等关键信息。在对管线磁异常信号采集时,常常受到周围噪声的干扰,很难直接采集到有效信号。考虑到磁异常信号的微弱性,提出采用自适应噪声抵消算法对管线磁信号进行处理,上述方法可在信号和噪声的统计特性及先验知识未知的情况下实现可靠滤波,然后用前一时刻获取的滤波参数自动地调节系统参数。通过MATLAB进行仿真,结果表明自适应噪声抵消算法能够有效抵消地球磁场及环境噪声的干扰,提高磁异常信号的信噪比,减少磁异常信号的失真,为后续的磁异常反演提供更准确的数据支持。Iron pipelines are the most common ones in underground pipelines. Such pipelines are induced by the magnetization of the earth's magnetic field to generate induced magnetic fields. The induced magnetic field superimposes with the original magnetic field to form magnetic anomalies. Magnetic anomaly detection is an effective method for detecting iron pipelines. By analyzing magnetic anomaly signals, the positioning of pipelines can be realized and key information such as shape and direction can be known. When the pipeline magnetic anomaly signal is collected, it is often disturbed by ambient noise, and it is difficult to directly collect an effective signal. Considering the weakness of the magnetic anomaly signal, an adaptive noise cancellation algorithm was proposed to process the pipeline magnetic signal. This method can use the filter parameters obtained at the previous moment to automatically adjust the system parameters to achieve reliable filtering under the condition that the statistical characteristics of the signal and noise and prior knowledge are unknown. Simulation results based on MATLAB show that the adaptive noise cancellation algorithm can effectively cancel the interference of the Earth's magnetic field and environmental noise, increase the signal - to- noise ratio of the magnetic anomaly signal, and reduce the distortion of the magnetic anomaly signal, which provides more accurate data support for subsequent magnetic anomaly inversion.

关 键 词：管线探测 磁异常 自适应噪声抵消 信号降噪 

分 类 号：TE319[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]