流散文学的时代表征及其世界意义——以非洲英语文学为例  

Diasporic Literature as a Reflection of the Age and Its World Significance: A Case Study of African Literature in English

作　　者：朱振武[1] 袁俊卿 Zhu Zhenwu;Yuan Junqing

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文与传播学院

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2019年第7期135-158,207,共25页Social Sciences in China

摘　　要：通常意义上的流散文学,指在国家和文化间有跨界生存经历的作家所创作的文学作品。但在这种异邦流散之外,还存在本土流散、殖民流散两大重要流散文学谱系。有些作家尽管未曾实现地域流散或徙移,却长期生活在异邦文化的浸淫中,其创作同样具有身份焦虑、种族歧视、家园找寻、文化混杂和边缘化体验等各种流散表征。作为“非主流”英语文学的重要组成部分,非洲英语文学普遍具备上述三大流散表征。这种流散症候是非洲文化与西方文化激烈碰撞、冲突与融合后的产物,是经过殖民、反殖民和民族解放运动冲刷与洗礼的结果。认识和把握非洲英语文学的流散表征,并据此对流散文学基本概念进行重新阐释,对于正确认识世界各地的文学现象、创作发生和文化成因,揭橥其复杂的源流嬗变和深层的世界文学文化意义,具有重要价值。Diasporic literature usually refers to literary works created by writers who have experienced cross-country and cross-cultural life. But in addition to this foreign diaspora, there are two important diasporic literary lineages: the diaspora on home ground and the colonial diaspora. Some writers have been immersed in foreign cultures for so long that, although they have never experienced the diaspora of foreign residence or migration, their works are stamped with the marks of the diaspora: anxiety over identity, racial discrimination, home seeking, cultural hybridization, marginalized experience, etc. As an important part of “non-mainstream” English literature, African literature in English invariably has these characteristics. This symptomatic diaspora is the outcome of the fierce clashes, conflicts and integration between African and Western culture resulting from colonial, anti-colonial and national liberation movements. Being aware of and understanding the imprint of the diaspora in African literature in English and thence reinterpreting the basic concept of diasporic literature is important if we are to gain a proper understanding of literary phenomena, creativity and cultural factors worldwide and reveal the complex origins and development and the profound cultural significance of world literature.

关 键 词：流散文学 非洲英语文学 异邦流散 本土流散 殖民流散 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]