双龙沟废弃采金区人工栽植沙棘后植物群落组成和土壤性质的变化  

Artificial Planting of Hippophae rhamnoides in Abandoned Goldfield of Shuanglong Gully:Effects on Community Composition and Soil Properties

作　　者：常丽[1,2] 吴春荣[1,2] 何芳兰[1,2] 王理德[1,2] 胥宝一[1,2] Chang Li;Wu Chunrong;He Fanglan;Wang Lide;Xu Baoyi(State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating/ Gansu Desert Control Research Institute, Lanzhou 730070;The Hexi Corridor National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station/ Gansu Desert Control Research Institute, Lanzhou 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室(培育基地)/甘肃省治沙研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃河西走廊森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站/甘肃省治沙研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2019年第19期83-90,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：林业重点工程科技支撑项目“祁连浅山区天然次生林恢复保育技术研究”(TBKJZC1401);甘肃省治沙研究所甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室(培育基地)开放基金项目“石羊河下游退耕地植物群落优势种的生理生态特征研究”(GSDC201504)、“盐及干旱条件下K+、Na+主要渗透调节物质在沙拐枣中积累及分配的研究”(GSDC201501)、“民勤绿洲边缘人工梭梭林土壤有机碳分布特征”(GSDC201505)

摘　　要：双龙沟是石羊河上游的主要集水区,其植被恢复状况的好坏直接影响到下游居民的用水安全。旨在分析人工造林是否能够促进该区植物群落的构建和土壤养分的积累。笔者选取双龙沟废弃采金区典型的人工沙棘林为研究对象,采用野外调查和室内实验分析的方法,研究栽植沙棘后植物群落组成和土壤性质的变化情况。结果表明,调查种子植物共43种,已鉴定出41个种,分属于16个科、29个属,其中,草本植物34种,灌木9种。与对照荒地相比,栽植沙棘的区域植物种类较多(39种),已形成由沙棘-柳叶菜组成的灌-草复合群落,而对照荒地尚未出现灌木物种,只形成了以千里光+早熟禾为优势种的草本植物群落(约12种草本)。此外,人工沙棘林表层(0~10 cm)土壤有机质含量、速效磷含量明显升高,分别是对照荒地内相应土层的11倍和9倍。在双龙沟废弃采金区人工栽植沙棘对于提高物种多样性、促进植物群落的构建以及增加土壤养分的累积等方面有一定的积极作用。Shuanglong gully is the major catchment in the upper reaches of Shiyang River, its vegetation recovery could influence the water security of downstream residents. The paper aims to analyze whether afforestation could restore plant communities and accumulate soil nutrients. We selected the typical artificial seabuckthorn forest in abandoned goldfield of Shuanglong gully as the research object, and explored the plant community composition and soil characteristics by adopting field observation and laboratory analysis. The results indicated that: a total of 43 seed plants were investigated, among them, 41 species were identified,belonging to 16 families, 29 genera, including 34 herbaceous species and 9 shrub species;compared with control, the plant species were richer(about 39 species) in artificial seabuckthorn forest;and a complex community with shrub and grass had been formed, which was mainly composed of Hippophae rhamnoides and Epelobium hirsutum;but there was no shrub species yet in the control group, only a simple herbaceous community was formed, being dominated by Senecio scandens and Poa annua(about 12 herbaceous species). In addition, the content of soil organic matter and available phosphorous at 0-10 cm soil layer in artificial seabuckthorn forest were higher, which were 11 and 9 times as much as that of the control, respectively.Therefore, planting seabuckthorn in abandoned goldfield of Shuanglong gully can positively improve species diversity, promote the plant community construction and increase the soil nutrient accumulation.

关 键 词：群落组成 土壤性质 人工沙棘林 废弃采金区 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]