高速铁路隧道内噪声对乘车舒适性影响研究  

Research on the Effect of Noise in High Speed Railway Tunnel on Ride Comfort

作　　者：张良涛[1] ZHANG Liangtao(China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co. Ltd,Wuhan,Hubei 430063 ,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司

出　　处：《铁道工程学报》2019年第6期74-79,共6页Journal of Railway Engineering Society

摘　　要：研究目的:高速铁路列车进入隧道时,隧道及列车内会增加混响声,影响乘车舒适度。目前,隧道内混响声大小及其对乘车舒适度影响程度、降噪措施及其效果还缺乏实测及深入理论研究。基于此,本文通过对隧道内外、列车内外噪声实测,对比分析隧道内混响声对乘车舒适性的影响;通过COMSOL软件仿真模拟隧道内敷设吸声材料的降噪效果及其对乘车舒适度的影响。研究结论:(1)高速列车以180~300km/h速度通过隧道区段时,列车内噪声为63~70.1dB(A),较非隧道区段增加约4.6~6.7dB(A);列车内噪声中低频显著,无明显峰值;(2)因隧道内混响声影响,隧道区段列车内正常交谈的距离为0.3~0.4m,较非隧道区段缩短了0.3~1.0m;(3)隧道内敷设吸声材料能有效降低噪声,其中隧道内满铺吸声材料隧道内噪声降低约18.1dB(A),列车内噪声降低约6.3dB(A),正常交谈的距离增加了约0.7m,提高了乘车舒适性;(4)本研究成果可用于提高高速铁路隧道内旅客乘车舒适度。Research purposes: When the high-speed railway trains enter the tunnel,the sound of the reverberation will be increased in the tunnel and the train,which affects the ride comfort. At present,the magnitude of reverberation noise in tunnels and its influence on ride comfort,noise reduction measures and their effects are still lacking in field measurement and in-depth theoretical research. Based on this,the effect of tunnel on ride comfort is compared and analyzed through the measurement of inside and outside of the tunnel and inside and outside of the train,and the noise reduction effect of sound absorbing materials in tunnel is simulated by COMSOL software.Research conclusions:( 1) When the high-speed train passes through the tunnel section at the speed of 180 ~300 km/h,the noise inside the train is 63 to 70. 1 d B( A),which is about 4. 6 to 6. 7 d B( A) higher than that in the non-tunnel section,and the noise inside the train is significant at low and medium frequencies with no obvious peak value.( 2) Due to the influence of reverberation in the tunnel,the distance of normal conversation in the train in the tunnel section is 0. 3 to 0. 4 m,which is 0. 3 to 1. 0 m shorter than that in the non-tunnel section.( 3) The sound absorption material in the tunnel can reduce the noise effectively. The noise in the tunnel full of sound absorption materials in the tunnel is reduced by about 18. 1 d B( A),the noise in the train is reduced by about 6. 3 d B( A),the distance of normal conversation is increased by 0. 7 m,and the comfort of the vehicle is improved.( 4) The research results can be used to improve passenger comfort in high-speed railway tunnel.

关 键 词：高速铁路 隧道 噪声 乘车舒适性 

分 类 号：U238[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] X827[环境科学与工程—环境工程]