功能化MOFs及MOFs/聚合物复合膜在有机染料和重金属离子吸附分离中的应用  

Removal of Organic Dyes and Heavy Metal Ions by Functionalized MOFs and MOFs/Polymer Composite Membranes

作　　者：谭远铭 孟皓[1] 张霞[1] Yuanming Tan;Hao Meng;Xia Zhang(Department of Chemistry,College of Science,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学理学院化学系

出　　处：《化学进展》2019年第7期980-995,共16页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21501023,21103017)资助~~

摘　　要：全球工业的发展带来了严重的水污染问题,对含各类有机和无机污染物工业废水的处理也成为了重要研究课题。金属-有机骨架(Metal-Organic Frameworks,MOFs)化合物由于其大比表面积、高孔隙率、有序孔道结构及可调节孔道物理化学性质、热稳定性高、易于合成和丰富的开放活性位点等特点,在诸多领域得到广泛应用,其中在固相吸附/分离领域,特别是吸附水中污染物方面展现出良好应用前景。通过合成后改性、使用含取代基配体原位合成、与特定功能材料复合等方法实现MOFs功能化,可有效增加MOFs材料的吸附活性位点,提高吸附性能和吸附选择性。与MOFs颗粒相比较,MOFs/聚合物复合膜结合了MOFs颗粒的结构与物理化学特性以及聚合物薄膜优秀的分离/载体性能,在有机染料及重金属离子的吸附中表现出优秀的吸附/分离性能。本文重点综述了以染料和重金属离子为代表的有机、无机污染物的吸附去除为目标的MOFs功能化方法,以及MOFs/聚合物复合膜的制备方法,并对未来研究方向和研究前景进行展望。The development of global industries has brought serious problem of water pollution, therefore, the efficient treatment of wastewater containing various kinds of organic and inorganic pollutants is one of the most important research topics. Metal-organic frameworks ( MOFs ) have been widely applied in many fields, especially in the solid phase adsorption/separation owing to their large surface area, high porosity, ordered structure and tunable porous physico-chemical properties, thermal stability, easy synthesis and abundant open active sites. The functionalization methods of MOFs such as post-synthesis modification, in situ synthesis with linkers containing substituents, and hybridization with specific functional materials could effectively increase the adsorption active sites, thus enhancing the adsorption performance and adsorption selectivity. Compared to MOFs particles, MOFs/polymer composite membranes combine the special structure and physico-chemical properties of MOFs and excellent adsorption/carrier nature of polymer films and thus exhibit extraordinary adsorption/separation performances in the removal of pollutants. In this paper, we focus on the functionalization methods of MOFs which are applied in the adsorption/removal of dyes and heavy metal ions. We also summarize the fabrication technology of MOFs / polymer composite membranes and their applications in the wastewater treatment. Finally, the development direction and research prospect of MOFs-related composite materials are also proposed.

关 键 词：金属-有机骨架化合物 功能化 聚合物复合膜 有机染料 重金属离子 吸附 

分 类 号：O641.4[理学—物理化学] O647.33[理学—化学]