美国虚拟特许学校的运行机制述评  

Analysis of the Operating Mechanism of Virtual Charter Schools in the United States

作　　者：王佳佳[1] 胡甜[1] WANG Jiajia;HU Tian(School of Teacher Education,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学教师教育学院

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2019年第8期29-34,43,共7页International and Comparative Education

基　　金：江苏高校哲学社会科学研究项目“我国‘在家上学’现象的教育问题、政策问题与法律问题研究”(项目编号:2016SJB880084)的研究成果

摘　　要：虚拟特许学校是虚拟学校与特许学校的结合体,反映了美国最新的教育改革动向。其办学主体较为多元,需满足特定的办学资质要求并获取相应的授权。而且虚拟特许学校的生源具有门槛较低、来源多样的特点,学生学费主要由政府资助。他们所采取的是市场化的教学运营系统,其课程通常交由第三方公司编制,通过网络平台提供个性化的教学,并对学生的学业状况进行动态监控。虚拟特许学校的评价体系包括质量导向的政府评价、优胜劣汰的市场评价和丰富多样的社会评价等。Virtual charter school is a combination of virtual schools and charter schools, reflecting the latest education reform trend in the United States.The subjects of virtual charter schools are diversified, which needs to meet the specific requirements of school qualification and obtain the corresponding authorization. The enrollment of virtual charter schools is characterized of low threshold and various sources, and the tuition of students is mainly funded by the government. Virtual charter schools adopt a market-oriented teaching operation system. Generally,its curriculum is assigned to third-party companies. It provides personalized teaching through online platforms and dynamically monitors students’ academic performance. The evaluation system of virtual charter schools includes quality-oriented government evaluation, market evaluation of survival of the fittest and abundant social evaluation.

关 键 词：美国教育改革 虚拟特许学校 公立学校 在家上学 

分 类 号：G434.712[文化科学—教育学]