不同溶解氧浓度下硝化工艺中微生物种群结构对比  

Comparison of the Microbial Community Structure in Nitrifying Processes Operating with Different Dissolved Oxygen Concentrations

作　　者：刘文如[1] 顾广发 宋小康 杨殿海[4] LIU Wen-ru;GU Guang-fa;SONG Xiao-kang;YANG Dian-hai(National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009,China;Safety and Environmental Protection Office of Xushuguan Town,Suzhou High-tech Zone, Suzhou 215009,China;Suzhou Jingyan Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 215009,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学城市生活污水资源化利用技术国家地方联合工程实验室,苏州215009 [2]苏州高新区浒墅关镇安全环保办公室,苏州215009 [3]苏州净研环保科技有限公司,苏州215009 [4]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《环境科学》2019年第8期3706-3712,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51808367);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究项目(18KJD610003);城市生活污水资源化利用技术国家地方联合工程实验室开放课题项目(2018KF05)

摘　　要：运用高通量测序技术分析了不同溶解氧(DO)浓度下硝化工艺微生物种群结构.结果表明,低氧硝化反应器(RL,DO浓度为0. 2~0. 3 mg·L^-1 )比高氧硝化反应器[RH,DO=(2. 0±0. 1) mg·L^-1 ]具有更高的种群多样性,而RH中微生物种群功能组织性更高.尽管RH和RL共有物种信息达85%以上,但DO浓度的不同造成了单个物种在相对丰度上的显著差异.Proteobacteria门(80. 7%)在RH中被高度富集,其中Nitrosomonas菌属相对丰度达到65. 1%;而在RL中则以Proteobacteria(43. 8%)、Firmicutes (20. 0%)以及Bacteroidetes (15. 1%)为共同主导者,同时RL中含有大量Lactococcus、Anaerolineaceae以及Rhodocyclaceae等可在厌氧或缺氧条件下进行水解发酵作用的菌属. Nitrosomonas oligotropha和Nitrosomonas europaea分别为RH和RL中优势氨氧化细菌,而亚硝酸盐氧化细菌均以Nitrospira defluvii为主导.反应器中NH4+-N和NO2--N浓度(而非DO浓度)是上述硝化菌群被选择性富集的关键因素.High-throughput sequencing was applied to analyze the microbial community structure of nitrifying reactors operated with different dissolved oxygen (DO) levels. Results showed that the nitrifying reactor (RL) run with low DO ( 0. 2-0. 3 mg·L^-1 ) exhibited greater microbial richness and diversity than the reactor run under the high DO condition [RH,DO =( 2. 0 ± 0. 1) mg·L^-1 ]. In contrast,the microbial community in RH was more highly functionally organized than that in RL . Although the communities in RH and RL shared over 85% of the total sampled genetic information,the relative abundance of some individual species varied between the different DO conditions. Members of the Proteobacteria phylum,which accounted for 80. 7% of the total microbes in RH,were highly enriched,and the relative abundance of Nitrosomonas reached to 65. 1%.However,the microbial community in RL was dominated by Proteobacteria (43. 8%),Firmicutes (20.0%),and Bacteroidetes (15. 1%).In addition,a large fraction of bacteria possessing hydrolyzation and fermentation functions under anaerobic or anoxic conditions were also present in RL including Lactococcus, Anaerolineaceae,and Rhodocyclaceae. As known ammonium-oxidizing bacteria,Nitrosomonas oligotropha and Nitrosomonas europaea were enriched in the RH and RL,respectively,while Nitrospira defluvii,being a nitrite-oxidizing bacteria,dominated both reactors.Rather than DO,ammonia and nitrite availability should be key factors in the selective enrichment of these nitrifiers.

关 键 词：活性污泥 硝化 溶解氧 微生物种群 高通量测序 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]