异养硝化细菌Acinetobacter junii NP1的同步脱氮除磷特性及动力学分析  

Simultaneous Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal and Kinetics by the Heterotrophic Nitrifying Bacterium Acinetobacter junii NP1

作　　者：杨垒[1,2] 陈宁 任勇翔[1,2] 崔珅 汪旭晖[1,2] 肖倩 郭淋凯 YANG Lei;CHEN Ning;REN Yong-xiang;CUI Shen;WANG Xu-hui;XIAO Qian;GUO Lin-kai(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource,Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学陕西省环境工程重点实验室,西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,西安710055

出　　处：《环境科学》2019年第8期3713-3721,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2018JQ5157);陕西省教育厅重点科研计划项目(17JS079);西安建筑科技大学青年科技基金项目(QN1715)

摘　　要：针对传统生物脱氮除磷过程存在工艺流程复杂、抗冲击负荷能力差、基建与运行费用高等问题,以具有高效脱氮除磷功能的异养硝化细菌Acinetobacter junii NP1为研究对象,开展其同步脱氮除磷性能、影响因子及动力学分析.结果表明,菌株NP1具有高效的异养硝化能力,氨氮最大去除率达99. 12%,反应过程只有少量的硝化中间产物积累,并且能够耐受较高的氨氮负荷.菌株NP1同时具有良好的好氧反硝化特性,能够利用亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐进行生长代谢,最大去除率分别为91. 40%和95. 10%.此外,菌株NP1异养硝化过程还伴随着同步的聚磷作用,适当的氮磷比有利于氮磷的同步去除,当氮磷比为5∶1时,最大氨氮和磷酸盐去除率分别为99. 21%和88. 35%.菌株NP1生长特性符合Logistic模型(R^2> 0. 99),氮素和磷酸盐降解过程则与修饰的Compertz模型相匹配(R^2> 0. 99),拟合所得氮和磷酸盐最大转化速率Rm为:氨氮>硝氮>亚硝氮,迟滞时间t0为:硝氮>亚硝氮>氨氮.通过基质降解动力学以及氮磷去除率分析,最佳条件是碳源为琥珀酸钠、C/N=10、T=30℃以及r=160 r·min^-1.Due to the problems of traditional biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal,including long process duration and high infrastructural and operational costs,the simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal capabilities,influencing factors and kinetic characteristics were systematically studied using the heterotrophic nitrifier Acinetobacter junii NP1 which possesses efficient simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal ability. The results showed that strain NP1 exhibited efficient heterotrophic nitrification ability with a maximum ammonia removal rate of 99. 12%. Furthermore,only small amounts of nitrification intermediates were accumulated during the reaction process. Strain NP1 also adapted well to higher ammonia nitrogen loading. In addition,strain NP1 had efficient aerobic denitrification characteristics,and could utilize nitrite and nitrate for growth and metabolism,achieving a maximum removal rate of 91. 40% and 95. 10%,respectively. The heterotrophic nitrification process of strain NP1 was accompanied by simultaneous phosphorus accumulation,and the appropriate ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was beneficial for the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. When the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was 5∶ 1,the maximum ammonia nitrogen and phosphate removal rates reached 99. 21% and 88. 35%,respectively. The bacterial growth process of stain NP1 matched the Logistic model ( R^2> 0. 99),and the nitrogen and phosphate degradation conformed to the Compertz model ( R^2 > 0. 99). The maximum conversion rates of nitrogen and phosphate (Rm) obtained by model fitting were in the order ammonia > nitrate > nitrite,and lag time ( t0 ) was in the order nitrate > nitrite > ammonia. According to the analysis of the degradation kinetics of the matrix and the removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus, the optimal conditions were found to be sodium succinate,C/N =10,T = 30℃,and r = 160 r·min^- 1 .

关 键 词：琼氏不动杆菌 动力学 异养硝化 好氧反硝化 同步脱氮除磷 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]