时间依赖型绿色车辆路径模型及改进蚁群算法  

Improved ant colony algorithm and modelling of time-dependent green vehicle routing problem

作　　者：周鲜成[1,2] 刘长石[1,3] 周开军[1,2] 贺彩虹[4] 黄兴斌 ZHOU Xian-cheng;LIU Chang-shi;ZHOU K ai-jun;HE Cai-hong;HUANG Xing-bin(Mobile E-business Collaborative Innovation Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University of Commerce ,Changsha 410205, China;Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Mobile Business Intelligence, Hunan University of Commerce, Changsha410205, China;School of Management, Hunan University of Commerce, Changsha 410205 , China;School of Accounting, Hunan University of Commerce, Changsha 410205, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南商学院湖南省移动电子商务协同创新中心,长沙410205 [2]湖南商学院移动商务智能湖南省重点实验室,长沙410205 [3]湖南商学院工商管理学院,长沙410205 [4]湖南商学院会计学院,长沙410205

出　　处：《管理科学学报》2019年第5期57-68,共12页Journal of Management Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71704052);湖南省重点研发计划资助项目(2016NK2127);湖南省社会科学基金资助项目(17YBA243)

摘　　要：绿色车辆路径规划对物流配送领域的节能减排具有重要的现实意义。针对时间依赖型绿色车辆路径问题(time-dependent green vehicle routing problem,TDGVRP),考虑车辆不同出发时刻对行驶时间的影响,分析车辆时变速度、载重与碳排放率之间的关系,确定基于车辆时变速度和载重的碳排放率度量函数;在此基础上,以车辆油耗和碳排放成本、使用时间成本和固定成本、等待成本与人力成本之和作为目标函数,构建TDGVRP模型,并根据模型特点设计基于路段划分策略的车辆行驶时间计算方法,提出了改进蚁群算法。算例仿真结果表明,构建的模型和提出的算法能合理规划车辆出发时刻,有效规避交通拥堵时间段,降低配送总成本,减少油耗和碳排放。Green vehicle route planning has an important practical significance for energy saving and carbon e- mission reduction in the field of logistics and distribution. Aiming at the time-dependent green vehicle routing problem (TDGVRP), the influence of vehicle departure time on vehicle travel time is considered, the effect of a vehicle's time-varying speed and load on carbon emission rate is analyzed, and a carbon emission rate meas-ure function based on a vehicle's time-varying speed and vehicle load is employed in this paper. Then a TDGVRP model with time windows is formulated to minimize the sum of fuel consumption and carbon emission cost, time cost and fixed cost of vehicles, waiting cost and drivers’ wages. According to the characteristics of the TDGVRP model, a path division strategy is designed to calculate the vehicle travel time, and an improved ant colony algorithm (IACA) is designed to solve the proposed problem. The experimental results show that the TDGVRP model and IACA can reasonably plan the departure time of each vehicle, effectively avoid peri-ods of traffic congestion, reduce the total distribution costs, and reduce fuel consumption and carbon emis-sions.

关 键 词：时间依赖 绿色车辆路径问题 碳排放 路段划分策略 蚁群算法 

分 类 号：F252[经济管理—国民经济] U116[交通运输工程]