个人-非个人道德困境下人对智能机器道德判断研究  

Moral Judgment About Human and Robot Agents in Personal and Impersonal Dilemmas

作　　者：褚华东[1,2] 李园园 叶君惠 胡凤培[1] 何铨[4] 赵雷[1] CHU Hua-dong;LI Yuan-yuan;YE Jun-hui;HU Feng-pei;HE Quan;ZHAO Lei(School of Management,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou,310023,China;Zhijiang College of Zhejiang University of Technology,Shaoxing,312030,China;Zhejiang Police College,Hangzhou,310053,China;School of Politics and Public Administration,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou,310023,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学管理学院,杭州310023 [2]浙江工业大学之江学院,绍兴312030 [3]浙江警察学院,杭州310053 [4]浙江工业大学政治与公共管理学院,杭州310023

出　　处：《应用心理学》2019年第3期262-271,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(19YJC190033);浙江省社科规划课题成果(20XXJC05ZD);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY17G010009,LQ15C090002)

摘　　要：研究通过两项实验考察人们对人类和智能机器在个人\非个人道德困境下的道德判断。结果发现,(1)非个人道德困境下,人们对智能机器和人采用相同的道德评价标准,对其期望行为及实际行为的道德评价(责备度、许可度、正确性)完全相同。(2)个人道德困境下,人们对智能机器和人采用不同的道德评价标准,相比于人类,有更多人希望智能机器做出功利主义取向行为,对其功利主义行为的道德评价也更高。In the current study,two experiments were adopted to investigate people’s moral judgment about human and robot agents in personal/impersonal dilemmas.The results showed that:(1) in impersonal dilemma(autonomous vehicle dilemma),people applied same moral norms to human and robot agents.They had the same expectation about what action the agents should do(utilitarian) and the same moral evaluation(of permissibility,rightness,blame) about the agents’ actual action.(2) In personal dilemma(footbridge dilemma),people applied different moral norms to human and robot agents.Despite that overall people wanted both human and robot agent choice deontology action,while compared with human,robot agents were more expected to take the utilitarian action,and they were given higher evaluation(higher permissibility,and lower blame) than their human counterparts about their utilitarian action.

关 键 词：智能机器 道德判断 道德困境 道义论 功利主义 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]