兴海县近55年浅层地温变化特征分析  

Analysis on Variation Characteristics of Shallow Geotemperature in Recent 55 Years, Xinghai County

作　　者：孔祥萍[1] 张晓云[1,2] 苏璇 杨玉平 多杰才旦 聂宇 KONG Xiang-ping(Hainan Prefecture Meteorological Bureau, Gonghe,Qinghai 813099)

机构地区：[1]青海省海南州气象局,青海共和813099 [2]青海省防灾减灾重点实验室,青海西宁810001 [3]青海省贵德县气象局,青海贵德811700 [4]青海省海北州气象局,青海西海10299

出　　处：《农业灾害研究》2019年第4期49-52,共4页Journal of Agricultural Catastrophology

摘　　要：[目的]分析兴海县近55年浅层平均地温的变化特征。[方法]利用1961-2015年兴海县0~20 cm逐年、月平均浅层地温资料,采用气候倾向率、M-K突变检验、滑动T等统计方法进行分析。[结果](1)兴海近55年各浅层年平均地温均呈上升趋势,其中0 cm地温升温幅度最大为0.438℃/10年,5 cm地温升温幅度最小为0.300℃/10年;(2)0 cm地温冬季升温增幅最大,夏季升温增幅最小;5、10、15、20 cm 4个土层春季升温增幅最大,秋季升温增幅最小;(3)各层年代际平均地温呈逐年升高趋势,20世纪60年代最低,21世纪10年代最高;年及春季各浅层地温20世纪80-90年代升温幅度比其他年代际间大;(4)5~20 cm四季浅层地温突变最早多发生在1985-1987年春季,突变最晚多发生在1992-1997年秋季。随着气温、地温逐年升高,降水缓慢增多,兴海地区的牧草返青期提前,黃枯期推迟,生长期延长,牧草产量增加。[结论]结果对兴海县域相关部门及单位合理利用草地资源及退化草地的恢复和重建具有参考价值。[Objective] In order to analyze the variation characteristics of shallow average geotemperature in Xinghai County during recent 55 years.[Method]According to the analysis of mutation and 0 ~20 cm shallow average geotemperature with the information of 1961-2015 Xinghai County year and month data,and statistics method such as climate tendency rate,M-K mutation and sliding T-test were used for analysis.[Result](1)The annual average geotemperature of each shallow layeris rising tendency,in which the maximum rising was 0.438℃/10 a of 0 cm geotemperature, the minimumn rise amplitude was0.300℃/10 a of 5 cm geotemperature in recent 55 years, Xinghai County.(2)0 cm geotemperature maximum of range rising was in winter, while the minimum rising was in summer.The four soil layers of 5, 10, 15 and 20 cm had the largest increasing temperature in spring, the smallest increasing temperature in autumn.(3)The interdecadal shallow geotemperature increased from year to year, the lowest in the 1960 s of the 20 st century and the highest in the 2010 s of the 21 st century. The 1980 s-1990 s rising range of the shallow geotemperature in the spring and year average was greater than that in other inter-decadal periods.(4)5~20 cm shallow geotemperature mutation in the four seasons occurred in the spring of 1985-1987 at the earliest, and in the autumn of1992-1997 at the latest. With the increasing of temperature and ground temperature year by year and the slow increasing of precipitation, the verdure period of forage grass in Xinghai Area was advanced, the yellow and dry period was delayed, the growth period wass extended, and the forage grass yield was increased.[Conclusion] The results had reference value for the related departments and units in Xinghai county to rationally use the grassland resources and the restoration and reconstruction of degraded grassland.

关 键 词：浅层地温 突变 幅度 临界值 

分 类 号：P468.021[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]