行业竞争期望与组织战略背离——基于中国制造业上市公司的经验分析  

Industrial Competition Aspiration and Organization Strategic Deviation An Empirical Study in China

作　　者：连燕玲 叶文平 刘依琳 Lian Yanling;Ye Wenping;Liu Yilin

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学经济与管理学部 [2]暨南大学管理学院 [3]华东师范大学经济与管理学部

出　　处：《管理世界》2019年第8期155-172,191,192,共20页Journal of Management World

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年课题“组织期望、冒险决策与企业成长机制研究”(批准编号为71502062);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流重点课题“家族企业国际化与创新:基于制度—文化的比较研究”(批准号为71810107002);国家自然科学基金面上项目“制度理论视角下的社会创业:从诱发到实现(批准号为71872074)”、“动态、复杂制度环境下的创业活动研究”(批准号为71872193);上海市哲学社会科学规划青年课题“代理CEO经营期望、形象管理与职位升迁”(批准编号为2015EGL002);上海浦江人才计划(C类)“经营期望、创新转型与私营企业成长机制研究——基于经济新常态背景的研究”(批准编号为15PJC028);暨南大学企业发展研究所粤港澳大湾区企业转型发展研究重点项目(批准号为2019GBAZD05)的资助

摘　　要：组织如何在合法性压力的趋同和竞争压力的差异化中做出选择,一直是战略研究关注的焦点。战略选择理论虽然突破新制度理论的约束,强调组织通过自身主动性战略来应对制度同形压力,但并未凸显导致组织战略背离的深层次诱因。本文从期望理论和企业行为理论出发,探讨行业竞争期望对战略背离的影响,分析组织外部环境(经济政策不确定性和产业竞争性)与内部资源(高管团队社会资本和组织冗余)对上述关系的影响。研究发现:当企业实际绩效低于行业竞争期望时,组织为扭转行业竞争劣势的局面,会实施偏离行业既定水平的战略突破,即随着行业竞争期望落差的扩大,组织战略背离的程度越强;经济政策不确定性会弱化行业竞争期望落差与战略背离之间的关系,而行业竞争程度、高管团队社会资本和组织冗余则会强化上述关系。本研究从行业竞争期望的视角透析组织战略背离的决策动机及影响机制,扩展了战略背离的微观机制分析。How the organizations make choices between the convergence of legitimacy pressure and the differentiation of competitive pressure has always been the research focus of strategic research.Strategic choice theory,which highlights that organizations can respond to the institutional isomorphism pressure through their own initiative strategies,has made some theoretical breakthrough from the new institutional theory,however,still fails in uncovering the underlying causes of organization strategic deviations.This research investigates the relationship between industrial competition aspiration and strategic deviation and explores the moderating effects of organizational external environment (economic policy uncertainty and the competitiveness state of industry) and internal resources (TMT social capital and organization redundancy) based on the expectancy theory and the behavioral theory of the firm.Based on the data from Chinese listed companies from 2003 to 2016,this research mainly has the following conclusions: first,poor performance related to organizational aspiration level triggers managerial behavior of strategic deviation to reverse unfavorable competition situation and the larger performance-aspiration gap incurs a higher level of strategic deviation;second,economic policy uncertainty can weaken the positive relationship between industrial aspiration and organization strategic deviation while the competitiveness state of industry,TMT social capital and organization redundancy can make this relationship stronger.This research creatively explores the decision motivation and influence mechanism from the view of industrial aspiration,extends the microcosmic mechanism analysis about organizational strategy deviation.

关 键 词：行业竞争期望 战略背离 经济政策不确定性 团队社会资本 

分 类 号：F425[经济管理—产业经济] F832.51