玉米-大豆带状套作高产玉米品种的形态特征  

Morphological Characteristics of High-yield Maize Varieties in Maize-Soybean Relay Strip Intercropping System

作　　者：马艳玮 蒲甜 李丽 曾瑾汐 彭霄 陈诚 冯骏[2] 杨文钰 王小春 MA Yan-wei;PU Tian;LI Li;ZENG Jin-xi;PENG Xiao;CHEN Cheng;FENG Jun;YANG Wen-yu;WANG Xiao-chun(College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming Systemin Southwest China,Ministry of Agriculture,Chengdu 611130;Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院/农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,成都611130 [2]成都市农林科学院,成都611130

出　　处：《玉米科学》2019年第4期93-99,共7页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD03002009);四川省育种攻关项目(2016NYZ0051-2);成都市农业技术成果应用示范项目(2012-NY01-00100-NC)

摘　　要：通过两年大田试验,在玉米-大豆带状复合种植模式下,研究21个玉米品种在净作和套作模式下的产量水平,以产量为7 500 kg/hm^2为界限,将供试玉米品种划分为3个产量类别,通过比较净作高产套作高产与净作高产套作低产两个类别下玉米的形态特征,从品种间形态的变异系数和形态指标与产量相关性,筛选出叶面积、株高、穗上位二叶夹角和穗位高可作为选择套作高产玉米品种的主要形态指标。套作玉米品种叶面积吐丝期为6 415~7 158 cm^2/株,穗上位二叶夹角分别为20°~31°和22°~28°,株高为259~280 cm,穗位高为94.5~113.0 cm时,可获得较高的套作玉米产量。Two field experiments were conducted to investigate the yield potential in sole and intercropping systems using various maize varieties(n=21)in maize-soybean relay strip intercropping system.Based on yield levels,the maize varieties were categorized into three groups,i.e.,maize yield in sole and intercropping system higher than 7 500 kg/ha(S^HI^H),yield higher than 7 500 kg/ha in sole but lower than 7 500 kg/ha in intercropping system(S^HI^L),and yield lower than 7 500 kg/ha in both sole and intercropping system(S^LI^L).We further investigated the plant morphological characteristics under different yield levels.Based on variation coefficient of morphological characteristics and correlation between morphological characteristics and yield,we observed that morphological characteristics such as leaf area,leaf angle above ear-position,height and ear height as were main indicants of high maize yield in intercropping system.However,we speculate that the leaf area per plant was the main parameter that was significantly affected the yield in S^HI^L.It is enticing to report that maize in SHIHgroup had high leaf area(6 415-7 158 cm^2/plant).Two leaf angles above ear-position of plants in S^HI^H group were 20°-31°and 22°-28°.To sum-up,high yield of maize was correlated with the height and ear position.The yield was higher when the height of maize was around 259-280 cm and ear position around 94.5-113.0 cm.

关 键 词：玉米 品种套作 形态特征 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]