中国高中生批判性思维能力的测量及其影响因素初探  

An Exploratory Study on the Assessment of Critical Thinking Skills for the Chinese High School Students

作　　者：凌光明 刘欧 LING Guangming;LIU Ou Lydia(Educational Testing Service,Princeton,NJ 08541,USA)

机构地区：[1]美国教育考试服务中心

出　　处：《中国考试》2019年第9期1-10,共10页journal of China Examinations

摘　　要：批判性思维能力作为核心素养的重要组成部分,是学业和就业成功的关键因素之一。对6 845名中国高中学生进行了HEIghten^TM批判性思维测试(简称HCT),并对测试成绩与学生的背景信息进行了分析,结果表明:1)HCT在高中学生样本中具有与大学生样本相同的因素结构并具备测量恒定性;2)高中学生的HCT成绩与大学生的成绩均分基本相当,但存在很大的地区和学校间差异;3)高中学生的HCT成绩与其他学科考试成绩呈低度正相关;4)HCT成绩与学生所在高中学校类型、家庭背景、未来期望的高校类型等变量有关;5)高中学生对HCT的接受度普遍很高,几乎所有参考学生都认为参加该项测试是一次有趣的体验。基于这些发现,认为HCT是一个适用于测评高中学生批判性思维能力的工具,其结果可以帮助教师和相关决策者制定和优化现有相关课程来培养和提高学生的批判性思维能力。As a key component of core competencies, critical thinking skills play an essential role in affecting individuals’ academic and career success. In this study, we tested about 6, 845 high school students from 29 provinces using the transadapted version of the ETS HEIghten^TM Critical Thinking Assessment(HCT). Analysis of the testing data as well as students’ self-reported background information suggests that: 1)HCT has the same configuration of internal structure among the Chinese high school students in comparison to the college students,with most of the items invariant between the college and high-school samples;2)The high school students’ scores on HCT on average were comparable to those of the college students but varied substantially across provinces and regions;3)HCT score had a low-level association with scores on the other subject-based assessments(e.g., math or English);4)High school students’ HCT scores appear to be associated with high school type/selectivity, family’s socio-economic background, as well as students’ expected type of colleges and institutions;5)High school students appear to have a high-level positive attitude to and perceptions of the HCT, almost all students reported that it was an exciting experience taking the assessment. This series of evidence appears to support the claim that HCT is a viable tool to assess Chinese high school student’s critical thinking skills. The HCT results could also provide useful information to high school teachers and related stake-holders when designing educational policies and curricular that aim at helping develop and improve critical thinking skills.

关 键 词：批判性思维能力 核心素养测评 HEIghten^TM批判性思维测试 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]