助浸剂亚硝酸钠对石煤中钒浸出率的影响  

Effect of Sodium Nitrite as Leaching Aid on Vanadium Leaching Rate in Stone Coal

作　　者：李红湘 颜文斌[1,2,3] 蔡俊 华骏[1,2,3] 高峰 LI Hong-xiang;YAN Wen-bin;CAI Jun;HUA Jun;GAO Feng(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,China;Key Laboratory of Mineral Cleaner Production and Exploit of Green Functional Materialsin Hunan Province,Jishou 416000,China;National Demonstration Center forExperimental Chemistry Teaching(Jishou University),Jishou 416000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学化学化工学院,湖南吉首416000 [2]矿物清洁生产与绿色功能材料开发湖南省重点实验室,湖南吉首416000 [3]化学国家级实验教学示范中心(吉首大学),湖南吉首416000

出　　处：《稀有金属与硬质合金》2019年第4期13-19,共7页Rare Metals and Cemented Carbides

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21566010);湖南省自然科学基金(2018JJ3413);化学国家级实验教学示范中心(吉首大学)2018年大学生创新性实验项目(2018ZXCX19)

摘　　要：研究了以NaNO2为助浸剂的石煤酸浸提V工艺。通过单因素实验和正交实验考察了H2SO4用量、NaNO2用量、固液比、浸出温度以及浸出时间等因素对V浸出率的影响。结果表明:在NaNO2质量为石煤钒矿质量的1%、H2SO4体积用量为石煤钒矿质量的30%、液固比为0.6∶1、浸出温度100℃的条件下浸出12 h,V浸出率可达到95.0%。与不添加NaNO2助浸剂相比,V浸出率提高20%。采用NaNO2氧化酸浸提V技术,不仅NaNO2使用量较少,而且无需焙烧过程,消除了HCl、Cl2等毒害气体对环境的污染,节约了能源,同时能大幅度提高V浸出率。The process of vanadium extration from stone coal by acid leaching with NaNO2 as the leaching aid was studied.The effects of sulfuric acid dosage,sodium nitrite dosage,solid-liquid ratio,leaching temperature and leaching time on vanadium leaching rate were investigated by single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments.The results show that the leaching rate of vanadium reaches 95.0%when NaNO2 mass fraction is 1%of the mass of stone coal vanadium ore,the volume consumption of H2SO4 is 30%of the mass of stone coal vanadium ore,the liquid-solid ratio is 0.6∶1,leaching temperature is 100℃,and leaching time is 12 h.Compared with the experiment without sodium nitrite as leaching aid,vanadium leaching rate is increased by 20%.Using NaNO2 oxidative acid leaching technology to extract V not only reduces NaNO2 dosage,but also eliminates the pollution of toxic gases such as HCl and Cl2,saves energy without roasting process,and greatly improves the leaching rate of vanadium.

关 键 词：石煤 助浸剂 亚硝酸钠 钒 氧化酸浸 

分 类 号：TF803.21[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]