采用粒子群算法的热电厂热电负荷分配优化  

Optimizing Heat-Power Load Distribution of Thermal Power Plants Based on Particle Swarm Algorithm

作　　者：王珊 刘明[1] 严俊杰[1] WANG Shan;LIU Ming;YAN Junjie(State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2019年第9期159-166,共8页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学(51776146);国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2018YFB0604405)

摘　　要：为了优化热电厂内多台机组的热电负荷分配以提高热电厂的经济效益,建立了热电联产机组能耗分析模型和基于粒子群算法的热电厂热电负荷优化分配模型,研究获得了某330 MW热电联产机组的运行区间及运行区间内能量利用效率和[火用]效率的分布规律,进而研究热电负荷分配对热电厂整体能耗特性的影响规律。结果表明:对于单台机组在供热机组的运行区间内,供热量是影响能量利用效率的主要因素,能量利用效率最大、最小值分别为72.11%和34.08%,发电量是影响[火用]效率的主要因素,[火用]效率最大、最小值分别为38.51%和29.97%;通过合理的热电负荷分配,热电厂总煤耗降低,[火用]效率提高。以某热电厂热电负荷边界为例,通过负荷分配优化,热电厂的总煤耗量降低了49.17 t/d,发电标准煤耗率降低了2.56 g/(kW·h)。To optimize the heat-power load distribution of multiple units in thermal power plants and improve the economic benefits, an energy consumption analysis model of cogeneration unit and a heat-power load optimal distribution model of thermal power plant are developed based on particle swarm algorithm. The feasible operation area of a 330 MW cogeneration unit is obtained, and the distributions of energy efficiency and exergy efficiency in the feasible operation area are also obtained. The influence of heat-power load distribution on the overall energy consumption characteristics of the thermal power plant is then studied. The results show that heat load is the main factor affecting the energy utilization efficiency in the feasible operation area of a cogeneration unit, and the maximum and minimum energy utilization efficiencies are 72.11% and 34.08%, respectively;and power load is the main factor affecting the exergy efficiency, and the maximum and minimum exergy efficiencies are 38.51% and 29.97%, respectively. The total coal consumption of thermal power plant could be reduced and the total exergy efficiency could be improved through optimization of heat-power load distribution. The optimization on a thermal power plant shows that its total coal consumption is reduced by 49.17 tons per day, and the standard power-generation coal consumption rate is reduced by 2.56 g/(kW·h).

关 键 词：负荷分配 热电联产 [火用]效率 粒子群算法 

分 类 号：TK212[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]