不同环境因子对毛颚动物的影响和毛颚动物生态研究综述  

Effects of Environmental Factors on Chaetognatha and their Ecological Studies

作　　者：陈学超[1,2] 沈阳 孙跃 郝雅 CHEN Xuechao;SHEN Yang;SUN Yue;HAO Ya(College of Marine Life Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2019年第4期156-160,共5页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

摘　　要：毛颚动物又称箭虫,是海洋中的次级生产力代表之一。毛颚动物的呼吸受温度影响较大,因此其丰度会受到水温的调节作用。盐度>25时,毛颚动物种类多丰度低,但也有一些耐高盐的种类可在高盐环境中有高丰度。许多研究表明,海流和海洋锋对毛颚动物分布产生显著影响,海流可将毛颚动物携至不同水层甚至不同气候带。毛颚动物有迁移现象并呈垂直分布,这与捕食相联系,不同毛颚动物之间遵循空间、时间、食物型分离的生态规则,以减少种间竞争。毛颚动物对其捕食对象的摄食压力较大,此外,还产生可快速下沉的粪粒,在有机物向下输送过程有一定作用。Chaetognatha, also known as arrow worms, are a group of animals representing a part of the secondary productivity in ocean. Their breathing is greatly affected by temperature. Therefore, their abundance is regulated by water temperature. When the salinity is>25, the species of Chaetognatha are diverse, but their abundance is low. Some species have high salinity tolerances and high abundances at high salinities. Many studies have shown that ocean currents and ocean fronts have significant impacts on the distribution of Chaetognatha. Ocean currents can move Chaetognatha to different water layers and even different climatic zones. Relating to predation, Chaetognatha have migration behaviors and are vertically distributed. Different species follow the ecological rules of space, time and food type separation to reduce interspecific competition. Chaetognatha have greater feeding pressures on their predators . In addition, they produce fecal granules which sink quickly and play roles in the downward transport of organic matter.

关 键 词：毛颚动物 环境因子 垂直分布 摄食 碳通量 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]