μ-T图解析及其对依数性和二元相图的分析  

The Diagram of μ-T and Its Analysis on the Colligative Properties and Simple Two Element Phase Diagram

作　　者：陈平[1] 李睿 吴振玉[1] 古莉娜[1] 李村[1] CHEN Ping;LI Rui;WU Zhen-yu;GU Li-na;LI Cun(School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学化学化工学院

出　　处：《长春师范大学学报》2019年第8期68-74,共7页Journal of Changchun Normal University

基　　金：安徽省2016年高等学校省级质量工程重点教研项目“‘物理化学实验(含理论)’教学内容和教学方法的研究与实践”(2016jyxm0061)

摘　　要：稀溶液的化学势、依数性以及简单二组分相图是基础物理化学教学中的几个重要知识点,现行教科书很少将三者的图示关系联系在一起进行分析讨论。本文通过分析化学势对温度的函数关系图,直观地解释了稀溶液的凝固点降低与沸点升高的稀溶液依数性原理,并且利用化学势的物理意义分析了几类简单的二组分相图,如具有简单低共熔点二元系相图的化学势变化与相图形状形成的关系。通过化学势、依数性和二组分相图的关系分析,可以使学生加深对化学势、依数性和相图知识的理解,更好地培养学生的创新思维能力和探索精神。Chemical potential, colligative properties and phase diagrams are very important elements in physical chemistry teaching,but current textbooks rarely link the diagrams of those to the analysis and discussion. This paper explained the colligative properties of dilute solution,and analyzed several simple binary phase diagrams with the method of the diagram of μ-T , emphatically analyzed the chemical potential of the binary phase diagram that had one simple eutectic point, and clearly showed reason that was the shape of phase diagram. This paper can deepen the understanding of chemical potential, colligative properties and phase diagrams,and provide a way of thinking for drawing phase diagram based on theoretical analysis.

关 键 词：化学势 相图 依数性 

分 类 号：O6[理学—化学] G64[文化科学—高等教育学]