生物质微粉塑化及表面塑化工艺  

Biomass powder plasticization and surface plasticization

作　　者：齐海群[1] 范大鹏 乔春玉[1] 王宇宁 QI Haiqun;FAN Dapeng;QIAO Chunyu;WANG Yuning(Department of Materials and Chemistry,Heilongjiang Institute of Technology,Harbin 150050,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江工程学院材料化学系

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2019年第9期1650-1655,共6页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51803050)

摘　　要：为了改善生物质的亲水特性,提高生物质对树脂挤出工艺的适应性,本文分别使用硫酸、醋酸、甘油和乳酸作为主要的塑化剂,对生物质微粉进行塑化处理。通过激光粒径分析、DSC-TGA、红外光谱和SEM分析,初步判断生物质的塑化效果。将塑化后的生物质与PLA共混挤出制备成生物质/PLA树脂颗粒,测量其拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和熔融指数。实验结果表明:甘油作为塑化剂,塑化效果较差;硫酸作为塑化剂,塑化效果较好,但不会改善生物质表面的亲水特性;醋酸和乳酸作为塑化剂,不仅可以起到塑化的作用,同时也能够改善生物质与树脂间的相容性,具有良好的实用效果。In order to improve the hydrophilic properties of biomass and increase its adaptability to the resin extrusion process,sulfuric acid,acetic acid,glycerin,and lactic acid were used to plasticize biomass micro-powder.The plasticization effect of biomass was preliminarily determined by laser particle size analysis,DSC-TGA,infrared spectroscopy,and SEM analysis.Tensile strength,break elongation,and the melt index of biomass/PLA resin particles,prepared by extruding the blended plasticized biomass and PLA,were measured.Experimental results showed that,as a plasticizer,the effect of glycerin was poor while sulfuric acid was better.However,the hydrophilic properties of the biomass surface were not improved by sulfuric acid.At the same time,acetic acid and lactic acid not only played a role in plasticizing,but also improved the compatibility between the biomass and the resin,showing a better practical effect.

关 键 词：生物质 乳酸 塑化 表面处理 可降解树脂 秸秆 挤出成型 塑料 

分 类 号：TQ327.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]