无人机遥感技术在小尺度土地利用现状动态监测中的应用  

Land use status monitoring in small scale by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) observations

作　　者：于堃[1] 单捷[1] 王志明[1] 卢必慧[1] 邱琳[1] 毛良君 YU Kun;SHAN Jie;WANG Zhi-ming;LU Bi-hui;QIU Lin;MAO Liang-jun(Institute of Agricultural Information, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业信息研究所

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2019年第4期853-859,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省农业自主创新基金项目(CX-18-3044);江苏省农业科学院基金项目(6111651)

摘　　要：土地利用现状的动态监测是管理部门制定土地利用政策的重要依据。无人机(UAVs)遥感技术具有机动灵活、操作简便等特点,在土地利用、农业生产和防灾减灾等诸多领域发挥重要作用。本研究以江苏省农业科学院本部为例,进一步分析空间分辨率、航向和旁向重叠度等参数对小尺度土地利用现状动态监测结果的影响。结果表明,6.0 cm空间分辨率的无人机遥感数据能够满足小尺度土地利用现状2级分类的需求。同一空间分辨率下,航向和旁向重叠度均为75%的无人机观测数据在图像拼接质量上要优于航向和旁向重叠度为70%和65%的无人机观测数据。2016-2018年研究区范围内4类地物面积减少,9类地物面积增加。其中,蔬菜地面积减少近55%,荒草地和园地面积分别减少约20%和10%,坑塘面积减少约7%;温室大棚面积增加超过70%,特殊试验田和护坡面积增加30%~40%,场地和林地面积增加14%~20%,道路面积增加略大于3%。Land use status monitoring is a critical component of implementing land use policies. Due to the flexibility of the data acquisition periods, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as new platforms can overcome the temporal limitations. Therefore, UAVs made great effects on land use monitoring, agricultural production and disaster prevention. In this study, the main campus of Jiangsu academy of agricultural sciences was chosen to compare and evaluate the efficiencies of land use status monitoring in small scale when choosing different flight parameters (e.g., ground-resolution and image-overlap). The results showed that the UAV remote sensing data with 6.0 cm ground-resolution could meet the needs of two-level classification of small-scale land use status. Under the same ground-resolution, image-overlap at 75% could offer higher quality of UAV data comparing with image-overlap at 70% and 65%. From 2016 to 2018, four classifications appeared decreasing in area and nine classifications showed increasing in area. The area of vegetable classification decreased by nearly 55%. The grass, garden and pond area decreased by 20%, 10%, 7%, respectively. The area of greenhouse classification increased by more than 70%. The experimental field and revetment area increased by 30%-40%. The square and woodland area increased by 14%-20%, and the road area increased by more than 3%.

关 键 词：无人机 遥感 土地利用现状 动态监测 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]