健康教育对居家老年高血压患者血压控制及心理状况的影响  

Effect of health education on blood pressure control and psychological status of Elderly Hypertensive Patients at Home

作　　者：胡杰[1] HU Jie(Department of Medical Records, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学第一附属医院病案管理科

出　　处：《国际精神病学杂志》2019年第4期730-733,共4页Journal Of International Psychiatry

摘　　要：目的探讨健康教育工作对居家老年高血压患者血压水平、心理状况的影响。方法选取2018年1月~2019年1月期间我院收治的100例居家老年高血压患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分组,分为依据居家患者知识需求特征,开展个体化健康教育(观察组,n=50)与进行常规健康指导(对照组,n=50),比较两组的知识掌握水平、遵医依从率、血压水平、心理状况评分。结果两组干预前,高血压知识量表(HK-LS)评分无差异(P>0.05),干预后,评分均有升高,但观察组升高程度较对照组更为显著(P>0.05)。观察组治疗依从性各维度中,科学运动、安全用药、合理膳食、诱因规避、情绪调适、体质量控制占比均高于对照组(P<0.05);两组干预前收缩压、舒张压水平经测定无差异(P>0.05),干预后各项指标值均降低,且观察组较对照组降低程度更为显著(P<0.05)。两组干预前焦虑、抑郁评定经测验无差异(P>0.05),干预后各项评分值均有降低,且观察组较对照组降低程度更为显著(P<0.05)。结论针对门诊治疗和社区卫生服务中心负责管理的居家老年高血压患者开展健康教育,可提高知识掌握程度,增强遵医依从,利于保持血压水平稳定,并可改善焦虑、抑郁负性情绪。Objective To explore the effect of health education on blood pressure level and psychological status of elderly hypertensive patients at home. Methods 100 elderly hypertensive patients in our center from January 2018 to January 2019 were selected as the research objects. Random number table method was used to group them. Individualized health education(observation group,n=50)and routine health guidance(control group,n=50)were carried out according to the characteristics of knowledge needs of patients at home. Knowledge mastery level,compliance rate,blood pressure level and the psychological status scores were compared. Results Before the intervention,there was no difference in the degree of knowledge mastery between the two groups(P>0.05)by the Hypertension Knowledge Scale(HK-LS). After the intervention,the test values in both group increased,but the increase in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group(P<0.05);The proportion of scientific exercise,safe medication,reasonable diet,incentive avoidance,emotional adjustment and body mass control in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);There was no difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05);after intervention,the values of each index in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the degree of reduction in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group(P<0.05). There was no difference in anxiety and depression before intervention between the two groups(P>0.05). After intervention,the scores of each group decreased,and the degree of reduction in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group(P< 0.05). Conclusion For the elderly hypertensive patients at home who are managed by community health service centers,paying attention to health education can improve their knowledge and compliance,help to maintain stable blood pressure level,and improve the negative emot

关 键 词：居家老年高血压患者 健康教育 依从性 心理状态 

分 类 号：R749.99[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]