乙虫腈悬浮剂对新出房意大利蜜蜂的毒性研究  

Toxicity Studies of Ethiprole Suspension Concentrate to Newly Emerged Honey Bees(Apis mellifera L.)

作　　者：牛新月 齐素贞 吴黎明[2] 张中印[1] 石明旺[1] Niu Xinyue;Qi Suzhen;Wu Liming;Zhang Zhongyin;Shi Mingwang(College of Resources and Environment,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 453000,China;Institute of Apicultural Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100093,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院资源与环境学院,新乡453000 [2]中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2019年第3期203-213,共11页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(21707162)

摘　　要：乙虫腈是在我国登记并广泛使用的氟虫腈替代药剂,其商品化制剂为拜尔公司研发的100g·L^-1悬浮剂,目前关于乙虫腈制剂对非靶标生物的毒性研究少有报道。为探究乙虫腈制剂对蜜蜂的毒性作用,采用人工饲喂法分别测定了100g·L^-1乙虫腈悬浮剂对新出房意大利蜜蜂的48h急性和14d慢性毒性作用。结果显示:乙虫腈悬浮剂对新出房意大利蜜蜂的48h-LC50值为0.21mg·L^-1(95%置信限0.16~0.26mg·L^-1),相应的48h-LD50为5.0×10^-3μga.i.·蜂^-1(95%置信限1.0×10^-3~1.0×10^-2μga.i.·蜂^-1);在亚致死剂量下,蜜蜂死亡数量随暴露时间的延长而增多,且100g·L^-1乙虫腈悬浮剂会引起蜜蜂显著的氧化应激反应,诱导抗氧化酶SOD和CAT活力、脂质过氧化产物MDA含量、解毒酶GST活力和底物GSH含量的显著变化。研究表明,乙虫腈悬浮剂对意大利蜜蜂毒性较高,即使在亚致死剂量下亦存在显著的影响。田间施用应防止药剂的漂移污染,并避免在作物花期施用;新出房意大利蜜蜂对药剂敏感,未来可探索其作为风险指示生物应用的可能。As an alternative pesticide of fipronil,ethiprole has been registered and widely used in China.Ethiprole 10% suspension concentrate (SC) is the main commercialized product introduced by Bayer and shares a certain part of pesticide market.Up to now,toxicity evaluation of 10% ethiprole SC on non-target organisms was scarce. In the present study,the toxicities of 10% ethiprole SC to newly-emerged honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) were in- vestigated by artificial feeding method under both acute (48 h) and chronic (14 d) exposure.Results showed that the 48 h-LC50 of 10% ethiprole SC to honey bees was 0.21 (95% CI: 0.16 ~ 0.26) mg·L^-1 and relative LD50 was 5.0×10^-3 μg a.i.·bee^-1(95% CI: 1.0×10^-3 ~ 1.0×10^-2 μg a.i.·bee^-1 ).The number of dead bees increased along with the prolongation of exposure when exposed to the sub-lethal concentrations of 10% ethiprole SC.In addition,during the chronic test,ethiprole induced significant changes in enzyme activities of SOD,CAT,GST and the content of MDA and GSH,which suggested the obvious oxidative stresses in bees.All these findings showed that ethiprole is highly toxic to bees and its application should be avoided during the flowering period,with the prevention of its drifting pollution in the field.Otherwise,newly-emerged bees have high sensitivity to chemicals and future research could explore the possibility of their applicaition as risk assessment indicator.

关 键 词：乙虫腈 新出房意大利蜜蜂 急性毒性 慢性毒性 氧化应激 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]