基于MaxEnt模型分析重庆马尾松适生的生物气候特征  

Study on suitable bioclimatic characteristics of Pinus massoniana in Chongqing by using MaxEnt Model

作　　者：李宏群[1] 刘晓莉[2] 符勇耀 汪建华[1] LI Hongqun;LIU Xiaoli;FU Yongyao;WANG Jianhua(School of modern agriculture and Bioengineering,Yangtze Normal University,Chongqing 408100,China;Libary,Yangtze Normal University,Chongqing 408100,China)

机构地区：[1]长江师范学院现代农业与生物工程学院,重庆408100 [2]长江师范学院图书馆,重庆408100

出　　处：《生态科学》2019年第4期129-134,共6页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31870515);重庆高校优秀成果转化资助项目(KJZH17132);重庆科委基础研究与前沿探索(cstc2018jcyj AX0557);涪陵区科技计划项目(FLKJ,2018BBB3010)

摘　　要：马尾松是我国南部地区主要用材、产脂和荒山造林树种,具有较高的生态和经济价值。分析马尾松适生的气候特征,为马尾松林业生产提供科学依据。基于626个分布点和19个气候数据,利用MaxEnt模型模拟马尾松在重庆的地理分布并检测其气候主导因子及其适宜值。马尾松最适宜(分布值为p≥0.5)分布的地区是在南岸、大渡口、巴南、江北、云阳、渝北的东部和南部、北碚的东南部、沙坪坝的东北部、九龙坡的东部和南部、石柱的北部、江津的东北部、綦江的东北部、万盛的中西部、南川的中南部、涪陵的西部和北部、长寿的中南部和东部、丰都的中部和西北部、忠县的东部和南部、万州的中部和东北部、开州的中部和西南部以及武隆局部地区等。分布值0.50>p≥0.25的区域是以上高分布值区域的向外扩展。同时,渝东南部分区县西南方向也进入该分布值。最暖月份最高温度、最暖季度平均温度和全年平均温度对马尾松的分布影响较大,其中最暖月份最高温度的适宜值为大于32.8℃,最适值为大于34.2℃;最暖季度平均温度的适宜值为大于26.8℃,最适值为28.2℃;全年平均温度的适宜值为大于16.8℃,最适值为大于18.5℃。该结果反映出马尾松的潜在地理分布范围,并揭示马尾松在重庆分布上所需的气候条件。Pinus massoniana, with high ecological and economic value, is the main timber, fat-producing and barren hill afforestation tree species in southern China. Suitable bioclimatic characteristics of P. massoniana were analyzed to provide a scientific basis for forestry production. Based on 626 known coordinates and 19 bioclimatic factors, the geography distribution pattern of P. massoniana was simulated in Chongqing city by MaxEnt model under the current condition. Bioclimatic dominant factors and their appropriate ranges of values were also investigated. The results showed that the most suitable distribution area(with distribution value of p≥0.5) for P. massoniana was distributed in Nanan, Dadukou, Banan, Jiangbei, Yunyang, the eastern and southern of Yubei, the southeastern of Beibei, the northeastern of Shapingba, the eastern and southern of Jiulongpo, the north of Shuzhu, the northeastern of Jiangjin, the northeastern of Qijiang, the midwest of Wansheng, the midsouth of Nanchuan, the west and north of Fuling, the south central and eastern of Changshou, central and northwestern of Fengdu, the eastern and southern of Zhongxian, the central and northeast of Wanzhou, the central and southwestern part of Kaizhou and part of Wulong. These regions with distribution value of 0.50>p≥0.25 were stretched area of the above high distribution regions. Besides, southwest of some counties in southeast part of Chongqing also entered the above distribution value. The dominate factors were max temperature of warmest month, mean temperature of warmest quarter and annual mean temperature, with thresholds of more than 32.8℃, 26.8 ℃ and 16.8 ℃, and the most suitable value was more than 34.2℃, 28.2℃ and more than 18.5℃ respectively. The result of MaxEnt model reflected reliably the potential geographical distribution of P. massoniana and clarified the bioclimatic conditions required for its geographic distribution.

关 键 词：马尾松 MaxEnt模型 刀切法 主导气候因子 重庆 

分 类 号：S763.305[农业科学—森林保护学]