陕西省贫困农村婴幼儿辅食添加时间与生长发育相关性  

Association between the introducing time of complementary food and growth of infants and young children in poor rural areas in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：刘红艳 聂景春 高佳源 崔艺 杨洁 汤蕾 Liu Hongyan;Nie Jingchun;Gao Jiayuan;Cui Yi;Yang Jie;Tang Lei(School of Economics,Northwest University of Political Science and Law,Xi’an 710122,China;Center for Experimental Economics in Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学经济学院,西安710122 [2]陕西师范大学教育实验经济研究所,西安710119

出　　处：《卫生研究》2019年第5期780-784,共5页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：陕西省社科界2019重大理论与现实问题研究项目(No.2019Z154);西北政法大学经济学院科研项目(No.19XYKY05)

摘　　要：目的探讨辅食添加时间现状及其与婴幼儿生长发育的相关性。方法于2013年采用多阶段群组抽样方法抽取陕西省南部11个国家贫困县的1802名6~12月龄婴幼儿作为基线调查对象,共进行四期调查,每次调查间隔6个月。通过自制问卷收集婴幼儿辅食添加相关资料,利用贝利婴幼儿发展量表测评婴幼儿认知能力发展状况,并利用标准量具衡量婴幼儿身长和体重,生成年龄别身高(HAZ)、年龄别体重(WAZ)以及身高别体重(WHZ)指数。采用方差分析法评估婴幼儿辅食添加时间与生长发育的关系。结果样本地区仅32. 93%的婴幼儿满6月龄开始辅食添加时间,其余样本婴幼儿添加辅食时间过早或过晚。在较长时期来看,辅食添加时间与婴幼儿认知能力得分呈现相关关系,第三和四期追踪调查显示,6月龄以后添加辅食的婴幼儿智力发育指数(MDI)(分别为81. 24和78. 40)更低(F=11. 86,P<0. 05;F=4. 24,P<0. 05),6月龄添加辅食的婴幼儿认知发展优势逐渐显现。辅食添加时间与WAZ、HZA、WHZ均无长期的显著相关关系。结论陕西省南部贫困农村地区仍存在辅食添加不合理的行为。辅食添加时间是影响婴幼儿生长发育的重要变量。OBJECTIVE To study the introducing time of complementary food in poor rural areas and its association with the growth of infants and young children.METHODS In total of 1802 infants and young children aged 6-12 months from 11 poverty counties in southern Shaanxi Province were selected by stratified random cluster sampling. These infants were surveyed four times,and once every 6 months. Data on complementary feeding for children were collected through the questionnaires. Cognitive development was measured by BSID. Body weight and length for them were measured using standard gauges to generate height for age Z score( HAZ),weight for age Z score( WAZ) and weight for height Z score( WHZ). The analysis of variance was used to identify the association between the introducing time of complementary food and growth of children. RESULTS at baseline, only 32. 93% of children were introduced complementary food at the age of 6 months. This study indicated that the introducing time of complementary food was significantly associated with the cognitive development in the longer run. The third and fourth survey showed that children with introducing complementary food after 6 months of age( mental development index were 81. 24 and78. 40 respectively) had significantly lower cognitive development ability( F = 11. 86,P<0. 05;F = 4. 24,P< 0. 05). There were no long-term significant correlation between the introducing time of complementary food and WAZ,HAZ and WHZ. CONCLUSION There are still lots of children that were not feeding reasonably in poor rural China. The introducing time of complementary food is related to growth of infants and young children.

关 键 词：婴幼儿 辅食添加时间 儿童生长 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R174.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]