一次东移型西南低涡引发的强降水诊断分析  

A Diagnostic Analysis of the Heavy Precipitation Caused by Eastward Shift of Southwest Vortex

作　　者：蔺邹兴 华维 范广洲[1,2] 吴秋月 李佩芝[1] 王星 LIN Zouxing;HUA Wei;FAN Guangzhou;WU Qiuyue;LI Peizhi;WANG Xing(College School of Atmospheric Sciences,Joint Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change,Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu,610225 ,China;Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster (KLME),Ministry of Education & Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD),Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,气候与环境变化联合实验室,高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室,四川成都610225 [2]南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室,气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《成都信息工程大学学报》2019年第4期384-391,共8页Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41775072、91537214、 41405069);四川省教育厅重点资助项目(16ZA0203)

摘　　要：为研究由西南涡东移引发暴雨的中尺度特征,利用NCEP逐日4次1°×1°格点FNL再分析资料和中国自动气象站与CMORPH融合0.1°×0.1°格点逐时降水资料,采用非地转湿Q和湿位涡诊断方法,对2015年7月14~17日中国中部一次由西南涡引发的自西向东强降水过程进行了诊断分析。结果表明:受中高纬500 hPa低槽、低纬副高西伸北抬、沿低槽南下的冷空气以及来自孟湾暖湿空气的影响,为此次降水提供了非常有利的条件。非地转湿Q散度较好地反映了低涡降水的落区和强度变化,对未来6 h降水落区和强度的预报具有较好的指示意义;湿Q辐合区与未来6 h降水落区大致相符,且暴雨中心与辐合中心相对应,对应上空上升运动明显,对激发对流运动有重要作用。西南涡降水的发生、发展与湿位涡的时空演变呈现良好的对应关系;其中,对流层中低层MPV1上正下负叠加配置促进了不稳定能量的释放,有利于的暴雨发生和发展,而MPV1和MPV2的重叠区域有利于垂直涡度的增长,是降水落区预报的警戒区。In order to study the mesoscale characteristics of the heavy rain caused by the southwest vortex eastward movement, the NCEP/NCAR 1°×1° grid reanalysis data and China Automatic Weather Station with CMORPH fusion 0.1°×0.1° precipitation data, the non-geostrophic Q and wet-potential vortex diagnostic methods were used to analysis the precipitation from the west to the east caused by the southwest vortex in central China from July 14 to 17, 2015. The results show that Influenced by the 500 hPa trough in the middle and high latitudes, the northward extension of the subtropical high in the low latitudes, the cold air along the south of the trough and the warm and humid air from Bengal, the precipitation is very favorable. The non-geostrophic wet-Q divergence reflects the precipitation area and intensity change of low-vortex precipitation, and has a good indication for the prediction of precipitation area and intensity in the next 6 hours. The wet Q convergence area is approximately consistent with the precipitation area in the next 6 hours, and the rainstorm center corresponds to the convergence center, which corresponds to the obvious upward motion over the sky, and plays an important role in stimulating convective motion. The occurrence and development of Southwest Vortex precipitation have a good correspondence with the spatial and temporal evolution of moist potential vorticity. The positive and negative superposition of MPV1 in the middle and lower troposphere promotes the release of unstable energy and is beneficial to the occurrence and development of rainstorm. The overlap area of MPV1 and MPV2 is favorable to the growth of vertical vorticity and is a warning area for precipitation forecast.

关 键 词：大气科学 中尺度气象 西南低涡 暴雨 非地转湿Q 湿位涡 诊断分析 

分 类 号：P458[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]