高通量测序法检测奶牛乳房炎关联微生物群落结构及多样性  

Microbial community structure and diversity of mastitis cows by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing

作　　者：曾学琴 柳陈坚[1] 杨雪[1] 李晓然[1] ZENG Xueqin;LIU Chenjian;YANG Xue;LI Xiaoran(Faculty of Life Science and Technology,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学生命科学与技术学院

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2019年第9期1437-1445,共9页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

摘　　要：为对引起奶牛乳房炎的病原菌进行溯源,对乳房炎奶牛和正常奶牛的乳头擦拭子和牛奶中细菌的16SrRNA基因的V4-V5高变区进行扩增和高通量测序,使用生物统计学方法分析微生物多样性。结果显示,乳房炎奶牛乳头和牛奶中微生物组成呈现明显差异:在门的水平上,乳头丰度最高的是厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),牛奶则是变形菌门(Proteobacteria),乳头样品均含有拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)细菌,而牛奶中几乎没有,梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)细菌仅存在于乳头中;在属的水平上,梭杆菌属(Fusobacterium)仅在乳头上检测到,牛奶中丰度最高的为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)细菌,其仅存在于2个乳头样品中,不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)细菌在两类样品中都有,但乳头的含量高于牛奶。奶牛患乳房炎后乳头和牛奶的微生物群落与正常奶牛也有差异:梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)仅在乳房炎奶牛乳头中检测到,正常奶牛没有,乳房炎奶牛乳头金黄色酿脓葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)丰度高于正常奶牛,肠球菌属(Enterococcus)仅在乳房炎奶牛牛奶中检测到,正常奶牛没有。奶牛乳头与牛奶中的微生物群落差异极大,奶牛患乳房炎后乳房外和乳房内微生物组成都会发生变化,外源病原菌和内源病原菌都可能引起乳房炎。To clarify the pathogens that cause mastitis in cows,the V4-V5 hypervariable region of bacterial16S rRNA gene in nipple wipes and milk of mastitis cows and normal cows were amplified and high throughput sequenced. The succession of microbial diversity was analyzed by biostatistics. The results showed that there was a very obvious difference in the composition of microbial between the nipple and the milk of the mastitis cow. At the phylum level,the highest abundance was Firmicutes in the nipples,while Proteobacteria was the highest in the milk. All nipples contain Bacteroidetes,while there is almost no in the milk,Fusobacteria only exists in nipples. The microbial community of the nipple and milk after mastitis in cows was different from normal cows. Fusobacteria was only detected on the nipples of mastitis cows,and normal cows were not. The abundance of Staphylococcus on the nipples of mastitis cows was higher than that of normal cows. Enterococcus was detected in mastitis cow milk,but not in normal cows. Therefore,the nipple of the cow was very different from the microbial community in the milk. Microbial composition changes both outside and inside the breast after bovine mastitis. Exogenous pathogens and endogenous sources pathogens can cause mastitis.

关 键 词：奶牛乳房炎 乳头 牛奶 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S852.61[农业科学—基础兽医学]