1-硝氨基-2,3-二硝酰氧基丙烷(NG-N1)合成、表征及性能研究  

Synthesis,characterization and performances of 1-nitramino-2,3-dinitroxypropane (NG-N1)

作　　者：霍欢[1] 毕福强[1,2] 李祥志 翟连杰[1] 董军[1] 王伯周[1,2] HUO Huan;BI Fu-qiang;LI Xiang-zhi;ZHAI Lian-jie;DONG Jun;WANG Bo-zhou(Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi’an 710065,China;State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals,Xi’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065 [2]氟氮化工资源高效开发与利用国家重点实验室,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《应用化工》2019年第9期2103-2106,2112,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(21373157)

摘　　要：以氨基甘油和氯甲酸乙酯为原料,通过取代、硝化、碱解三步合成了1-硝氨基-2,3-二硝酰氧基丙烷(NG-N1),并利用元素分析、核磁共振、红外光谱等鉴定其结构;优化了碱解反应条件,采用KOH作为碱解试剂,最优工艺条件为:n(KOH)∶n(II)为4∶1~5∶1,常温反应5 min;利用TG-DSC对化合物进行了热分析,其熔点为62.1℃,分解点为182.3℃。采用NASA-CEA软件,在标准条件(pc∶po=70∶1)下计算了含NG-N1的改性双基推进剂(CMDB)的能量性能,当NG-N1的含量为30%时,推进剂的能量性能最优,理论比冲Isp最大为2 578.3 N·s/kg,较基础配方提高了50.5 N·s/kg,特征速度C*最大为1 576 m/s,较基础配方增加了48 m/s。Using 3-aminopropane-1,2-diol and ethyl chloroformate as starting material,1-nitramino-2,3-dinitroxypropane(NG-N1) was synthesized,via the reactions of substitution,nitration,alkali-hydrolysis.The structure of the title compound was characterized by 1H NMR,13C NMR,FTIR and elementary analysis.Using KOH as alkali-hydrolysis reagent,the optimal conditions of alkali-hydrolysis was studied and obtained as follows:n(KOH)∶n(II) is 4∶1~5∶1,the reaction time is 5 min,and the reaction temperature is room temperature.The thermal behavior of NG-N1 was investigated by TG-DSC,the energetic performance of modified double-base propellant(CMDB) containing NG-N1 was calculated by NASA-CEA software under the standard condition(pc∶po=70∶1).The results show that the decomposition temperature and melting point of NG-N1 are 182.3 ℃ and 62.1 ℃,respectively,and when the mass fraction of NG-N1 in CMDB propellant is 30%,the largest theory specific impulse Isp is 2 578.3 N·s/kg,improves by 50.5 N·s/kg,the largest characteristic velocity C* is 1 576 m/s,improves by 48 m/s.

关 键 词：有机化学 1-硝氨基-2 3-二硝酰氧基丙烷 NG-N1 合成 表征 性能 

分 类 号：TQ016[化学工程] TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术]